Vol. VI, No 3.] The Kingdom of gNya khri btsanpo. 99 



[N.S.] 



Libyin was apparently a native of Turkestan, and it was he 

 who initiated the Ladakhi minister into the art already prac- 

 tised there. 



Before the introduction of Buddhism into Tibet (i.e., to 

 the Tibetan, not Dard, inhabitants of the country) a number 

 of Buddhist symbols came down from heaven in the time of 

 Lhatho thori when this king was at the palace of Umbu bla 

 sgang, in Ladakh. One of the symbols was a Pangkong, a 

 6 patra of the lap/ The West Tibetan lake Pangkong was 

 called after this symbol. This speaks again in favour of my 

 view that Umbu bla sgang was situated in Ladakh, and not 

 near Lhasa. For had it been situated there, one of the numer- 

 ous lakes near Lhasa would probably have been called Pang- 

 kong. 



As is stated in the rGyalrabs, Srong btsan sgampo conquered 



rTsami and Shingmi in the east. rTsami is pronounced Sami 

 according to a Tibetan law of sound. A place Sami is found on 

 the map south-west of the Manasarowar lake. In the vicinity 

 is the Shing lab cha pass, probably the old Shingmi. If these 

 places were conquered * in the east, ' the chronicler must have 

 looked towards them from Ladakh. If Srong btsan sgampo had 

 then resided at Lhasa, he would have said c in the west.' 





