300 Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. [June, 1910.] 



Translation. — The seers who are the authors of Vedas 

 possess an intuitive knowledge revealing to them the real 

 nature of things, such as lie beyond the ken of sense , whether 

 present, future or past, and of duties mentioned or unmen- 

 tioned in the scriptures. This is called drsa (second-sight). It 

 is possessed largely by the angels and seers and only occa- 



sionally by the ordinary people, e.g 



My 



heart 



Bhavabhuti in his Uttarardmacarita mentions both drsa and 

 prdtibha. 



s» 



Pratibha or pratibhd l is merely the philosophical term foi 

 dtma-tusti or hridaydnujnd of religious literature. Mann 



na 



moral and religious knowledge. This is to be identified with 

 the conscience or moral reason of European philosophy. 

 Hindu philosophy had early formulated the doctrine that God 

 is our inner self and the self of the universe as well. The 

 most valuable parts of the Upanishads contain an enunciation 

 of this doctrine. We are not, however, ordinarily conscious 

 of this inner and truer self. The doctrine of Pratibhd or con- 

 science is a corrolary to this doctrine. It would have been 

 quite surprising if the doctrine of an inner and truer self 

 should not have led to the doctrine of conscience. For con- 

 science is nothing but the voice of the inner self speaking to 

 the outer self. Hence in Sanskrit it is called antardtman {lit. 

 the inner self). The antardtman is no mere metaphor ; it is a 

 fairly explicit statement of the doctrine of personality, as it 

 was conceived in ancient India. Thus I think I have conclu- 

 sively established the identity of pratibhd, dtmatusti, and hrida- 

 ydnujnd with intuition and conscience of European philosophy. 



1 if^fefVrcjHTt ^I^srf?IHTif *JT ^lf?WT I *fa*^ *Tf?W fa <*!-*! ^ 



fRWf^: I 



Nyayakandall of Qrldhara (Vizianagram Sanskrit Series), p. 258. 



