1922.] The Ninth Indian Science Congress. I.S.C. 35 
tages over the local method of 15’’ deep sowing as affected by th i 
The advantages as calculated in money value are as under ‘hia’ e Nai. 
Per acre. 
Rs, As, p. 
(1) saving in time 50% if O21 2 
(2) saving in seed 28 tb. per acre “4 2 0° 9 
(3) Increased yield at about 40 Ib. per acre pare sO 
Total Ra... «4 «#511 8 
The principle of shallow sowing as brought out in the paper is also 
applicable for the sowing of gram and linseed, which are the other rabi 
crops of Central India. * 
With the adoption of 18” drill for wheat sowing, it is hoped that 
the sowings will be Quicker, Cheaper, Timely, and Productive of larger 
yields than is possible with the Nai. 
Section of Mathematics and Physics. 
President :—T. P. BHasKkarA SHasrri, Esq., M.A., 
F.R,A.S. 
Presidential Address. 
SOME RECENT ADVANCES IN OUR KNOWLEDGE OF THE 
STRUCTURE OF THE UNIVERSE. 
Before opening our proceedings to-day, let me thank the 
authorities of the Indian Science Congress for the honour they 
have conferred upon me by inviting me to preside in this sec- 
tion. I felt some hesitation in accepting this responsible office. 
for, on the various subjects which generally come within the 
domain of this section, I can scarcely hope to speak with any 
claim to authority. So far as I think, there can be only one 
reason for my being called upon to take this chair, that is I 
should discharge a part of the high duties connected with this 
office by addressing you on a few of the problems regarding the 
great Universe of stars, which are engaging attention in our 
Section, gave an address which am 
dealt with the great geophysical problems, Seismology and 
Terrestrial Magnetism. Last year at Calcutta, we listened to 
an illuminating exposition from this chair about the object and 
methods of upper air research which showed what a profitable 
thin a short distance above our 
heads. To-day, let me take you to those remote regions of 
