TYPES OF FOREST. 127 



The number of species of trees found in the evergreen forest is 

 very great. Some of these are found in all the three groups, such 

 as Calophyllum, Cinnamomum, Eugenia, Ficus, Garcinia, Mangi- 

 fera, Mesua ferrea, Michelia, Cedrela Toona and Lager strcemia. 

 Others are found only in one or two of the three groups. Thus 

 Assam has several species of Quercus and Castanopsis, also 

 appearing in Upper Burma. The latter country is particularly 

 rich in Dipterocarps. A httle teak {Tectotia grandis) appears in 

 some of the evergreen forests on the west coast and in Burma. 



(b) The Deciduous Forests occur over more than half the area 

 of India ; they are the home of the most valuable species of trees. 

 Of these, the following are conspicuous : Tectona grandis (Teak), 

 Shorea robusta (Sal), Chloroxylon Swietenia, Pterocarpus santalinus, 

 Hardwickia binata, Albizzias, Xylia dolabriformis, Mimusops 

 indica, Bassia latifolia, Dalbergias, Lagerstroemias, Anogeissus 

 latifolia, Terminalias, Dipterocarps, Bombax malabaricum, Butea 

 frondosa. Acacia Catechu, Cedrela Toona, Schleichera trijuga, 

 Buchanania latifolia, Careya arborea, Stephegyne parviflora, Adina 

 cordifolia, and many species of Bamboos. 



Teak grows naturally throughout the Peninsula proper, south 

 of the 26th degree of latitude, not on the east coast, but it extends 

 into the evergreen forest of the west coast. In Burma it grows 

 between the 16th and 26th degree, but not in the coast districts. 

 In the Pegu Yomah it goes up to nearly 3,000 feet. Teak is rarely 

 found in pure woods ; it is generally found mixed with many other 

 species, of which the most valuable companion in Burma is Xylia 

 dolabriformis. It has been estimated that the teak forests of Burma 

 contain only about 10 per cent, of teak on an average. In India 

 proper, it is usually accompanied by Chloroxylon Swietenia, Dal- 

 bergia latifolia, Hardwickia binata, Ougenia dalbergioides, Ptero- 

 carpus Marsupium and santalinus, Santalum album, and others. 



Sal grows in two distinct tracts. The first of these is the submon- 

 tane country from Kangra to lower Assam, ending in the Garo 

 Hills. The second tract is situated south of the Ganges, comprising 

 the Sonthal Pergunnahs, the Chutia Nagpore Division, Orissa, the 

 Tributary Mehals, the northern part of Madras, and the eastern 

 districts of the Central Provinces, with a solitary patch around 

 Pachmari. The sal is gregarious, and the only place where it is 

 found with teak is in the eastern part of the Central Provinces, 



