148 FORESTRY IN BRITISH EAST INDIA. 



(2) The Provincial Service, consisting of : — 



Extra Deputy Conservators of Forests . 58 



Extra Assistant Conservators of Forests . 202 



Total Provincial Service . . 260 



(3) The Subordinate Service, consisting of : — 



Forest Rangers ..... 840 



Deputy Rangers and Foresters . , . 2,900 

 Forest Guards 11,500 



Total Subordinate Service . . . 15,240 



Grand total, cadres . . . . 15,757 



The posts of Inspector-General, Chief Conservators, Conser- 

 vators, and the more important Divisions are held by members 

 of the Imperial Forest Service. Some of the Divisions, generally 

 the less important, are held by members of the Provincial Service. 

 Ranges are held by Forest Rangers, who in many cases are 

 assisted by Deputy Rangers and Foresters. Guards hold charge 

 of Beats. 



Apart from the territorial charges mentioned above, there are 

 a number of non-territorial charges, or special posts, connected 

 with the preparation of forest working plans, research, education 

 and other special duties. Most of these charges are held by 

 members of the Imperial and Provincial Services enumerated 

 above ; others are held by Specialists. 



5. Recruitment and Education. 



When the Forest Department was started in 1864 it contained 

 no specially trained forest officer. Up to that time the leading 

 foresters were mostly military officers, including several medical 

 men. They did excellent work during the early introduction of 

 forest conservancy and for a series of years afterwards. Sir Dietrich 

 Brandis, the first Inspector-General, considered it very important 

 that early steps should be taken to secure a staff of specially 

 trained officers, and under his advice it was arranged to train a 

 number of young Englishmen on the Continent of Europe. This 

 was in 1866. In the same year two highly trained forest officers 

 were obtained from Germany to assist in the immediate develop- 



