FORESTRY IN CANADA. 173 



principle of a sustained and increasing yield, and this has been 

 brought about without interfering with the acknowledged rights 

 of the people. In the early days of forest conservation, no doubt, 

 some friction occurred between the forest staff, the people, and the 

 civil officers, but that was chiefly due to the unsettled condition 

 of the rights of the people. As the settlement of the State forests 

 proceeded, these difficulties disappeared. It may safely be said 

 that, in many parts of the country, the people now recognise the 

 importance to themselves of the proper preservation of the 

 yielding power of the forests. 



The example set by the Government of India has been followed 

 in most of the Indian States, by introducing forest administration 

 on lines similar to those adopted in the British part of the country. 

 The Government have readily assisted in this by lending officers 

 and educating recruits for the Indian States at Dehra Dun. 



There can be no doubt that the development of systematic, 

 economic forest management in India is something to be proud 

 of. An eminent Indian Administrator had no hesitation in 

 stating publicly that it ranks amongst the great achievements 

 realised during the long and glorious reign of Her Most Gracious 

 Majesty, the late Queen Victoria and Empress of India. 



THE BRITISH DOMINIONS. 

 D. FORESTRY IN CANADA. 



SECTION I.-SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE COUNTRY. 



The Dominion of Canada occupies the northern half of North 

 America. The boundary between it and the United States runs 

 from the Bay of Fundy in latitude 45, in a somewhat zig-zag way, 

 to Lakes Ontario, Erie, Huron and Superior, then on close to 

 Winnipeg, from which place it follows the 49th degree of northern 

 latitude to Vancouver Island. Alaska is the only part to the 

 north of this line which is not Dominion land. The latter covers an 

 area of 3,729,665 square miles, of which 125,755 square miles are 

 water. The population amounted, in 1911, to 7,209,643 people. 



The area between the southern boundary and the 60th degree 

 of latitude is divided into the undermentioned 9 provinces. 

 Above the 60th degree are situated Yukon and the North-west 

 Territories. 



