196 FORESTRY IN NEWFOUNDLAND. 



in 1914 shortly after the outbreak of the war. The 

 members of the Commission were : (1) Mr. Gr. E. Turner, 

 Deputy Minister of Agriculture and Mines ; (2) Mr. R. F. 

 Horwood, Managing Director of the Horwood Lumber 

 Company ; (3) Mr. Vincent S. Jones, Vice-President of the 

 Anglo-Newfoundland Development Company. 



(2) A paper read by Sir Daniel Morris before the Royal Society 



of Arts. 



(3) A memorandum by the High Commissioner of Newfound- 



land, presented to the Imperial Forestry Conference of 



1920. 

 These documents deal with the same subject and, though differing 

 somewhat in detail, they aim at the same object, namely, to set 

 forth the importance of developing the exploitation of the 

 Newfoundland forests, without any recommendations as to the 

 restocking of the cleared areas. 



2. The Forests of Newfoundland. 



The forests are estimated to extend over about 10,000 square 

 miles, equal to 23 per cent, of the total area. The timbered areas 

 are generally found in the valleys of the larger rivers and their 

 tributaries, and on the banks of lakes and ponds, in many cases 

 consisting of strips from 1 to 2 miles wide. The forests consist 

 chiefly of conifers with a moderate admixture of other species. 

 The principal species are : — 



(1) The White Pine [Pinus Strobus) is the most useful of the 

 pines, but its supply has fallen off. It is said still to be found in 

 some quantity here and there, but only scattered elsewhere. 

 Most of it is devoted to local purposes ; it is not used for pulp 

 manufacture. 



(2) The Red Pine {P. resinosa) grows fairly plentifully, and it is 

 largely used in the construction of vehicles and household furni- 

 ture. Owing to its resinous character the timber makes excellent 

 railway sleepers. 



(3) The Black Spruce {Picea muriana) forms an appreciable 

 proportion of the timber trees of Newfoundland and Labrador, 

 it is considered the best material for pulp making. 



(4) The Balsam Fir {Abies balsamea) is said to be abundant in 

 the central districts. It is extensively used for pulp. 



