274 FOKESTRY IN THE CROWN COLONIES. 



exotic species have been planted, of which the following may be 

 mentioned : — 



(1) Teak (Tectona grandis) grows well and rapidly. 



(2) Swietenia macrophylla and Mahogani, of which the former 



does well and the latter fairly weU. 



(3) Cedrela serrata (Cedar wood, or Toon) grows rapidly, but 



suffers from insect attacks. 



(4) Eucalyptus rostrata. Globulus, siderophloia and maculata do 



well at 4,000 feet above sea-level. 



(5) Acacia Melanoxylon, decurrens and dealbata grow well. 



(6) Myroxylon Pereirce, the balsam of Peru, grows well. 



(7) Of Conifers, Cupressus macrocarpa is doing very well ; it is 



now largely planted, yielding a useful soft white wood. 

 Pines are generally unsatisfactory. 

 The items of other forest products have not yet been sufficiently 

 investigated, but the following may be mentioned : — 



(a) The fruit of Terminalia Chebula and belerica, used for 



tanning and dyeing. 

 (6) The bark of Cassia auriculata and of Rhizophora for tanning. 



(c) The bark of Cinnamomum zeylanica. 



(d) The seeds of Azadirachta indica, for their oil. 



(e) Strychnos nux-vomica and numerous other medicinal plants. 



6. Kelationship of the State to the Foeest. 



Legislation. — Probably in no part of the British Empire have so 

 many attempts been made to do justice to the forests as in Ceylon, 

 but, until quite recently at any rate, there have been no results. 

 It would lead too far to explain here the causes of these failures. 



The Ordinance No. 16 of 1907 provides for : — 



(1) A Re-declaration of State ownership of all forests, waste, 



chena, uncultivated or unoccupied lands. 



(2) The issue of rules for the protection of all Government 



lands, for the declaration of Reserves, village forests, the 

 control of timber in transit, the checking of forest 

 offences and the punishment of offenders. 



(3) The management of the reserves by the Forest Department. 



(4) Rules drawn up to control shifting cultivation {chena), 



which, however, have not been properly enforced up to 

 date. 



