300 FORESTRY IN THE CROWN COLONIES. 



comprises all the hilly part of the country at an elevation of 

 2,400 feet and over, amounting to about two-thirds of the country. 

 There is not much commercial timber in this part ; it consists 

 chiefly of grasslands, but the banks of streams are fringed with 

 trees. These fringes have been deprived of any useful timber 

 wherever they were accessible. 



In the lower veld the country is generally of a park-like 

 character. The timber is rarely of large size, and of doubtful 

 commercial value. There is a variety of species but none of 

 outstanding merit. They are approximately the same as those 

 which are found in Natal and Zululand. 



Experimental plantations extending over about 150 acres have 

 been made with exotic trees, which show that the following 

 species thrive well in the higher veld : All kinds of Eucalypts, 

 many pines and cypresses, the Australian wattles, and oaks. 



P. SOUTHERN RHODESIA. 



(See sketch map on p. 203.) 

 1. General Notes. 



Southern Rhodesia is situated between the 15| and 22| degrees 

 south latitude and 25th and 33rd degrees east longitude. It has 

 an area of about 152,500 square miles, and a population of 

 838,284, of w^hich 38,284 are Europeans ; density about 5 to the 

 square mile. 



Topography. — The territory is divided into 2 parts by a water- 

 shed which runs, approximately, from south-w^est to north-east 

 from Tegwan to Bulawayo, Gwelo, Charter and Marandellas, 

 where it joins the mountain range on the eastern frontier with 

 heights between 7,000 and 8,000 feet. The Rhodesian watershed 

 keeps within a height of 4,500 and 5,000 feet. The area to the 

 north-west of the divide is greater than that to the south-east. 

 The slopes on both sides of the divide are relatively gentle, and 

 in consequence, there is not much difference between them from 

 a forest point of view, except that the south-eastern slopes are 

 slightly cooler and somewhat moister, than those on the north- 

 west. 



Geolofjij.— There are two great geological divisions : — 



(1) The ancient metamorphic rocks which have been invaded 



