304 FOKESTRY IN THE CROWN COLONIES. 



Triclielia chirmdensis and emetica, the former a large, and the 

 latter a smaller tree. The timber of both is valuable. 



ScTiefflerodendron gazense, large tree, timber hard and heavy. 



Pygeum africanum, large tree, one of the best South African 

 timbers. 



Callitris Whytes, a medium sized tree, the best local timber. 



The above are all trees of the Close-type forests. The following 

 trees belong to the Savannah forests : — 



Baikicea plurijuga, Rhodesian teak or Red wood, timber hard, 

 heavy and durable. Boles short, up to 20 feet long. 



Copaifera colesperma, a mahogany, fairly large tree, otherwise 

 like the former tree. 



Pterocarpus erinaceous, called " blood wood," widely distributed, 

 the heartwood excellent for cabinet work. 



Afzelia cuanzensis, pod mahogany, a handsome tree with 

 valuable timber, useful for furniture, waggons, &c. 



Diospyrus mespiliformis, widely distributed over South 

 Rhodesia, timber excellent for waggon building, mining work and 

 carpentry. 



There are many other kinds of useful timbers, but the kinds 

 which could replace the softwoods are extremely limited. Hence, 

 it would be desirable to plant suitable softwoods (conifers) with 

 a view to replacing the imports later on. 



5. Relationship of the State and the Forests. 



Legislation. — The laws in force dealing with aspects of forestry 

 are the " Forest and Herbage Act, 1859," of Cape Colony, 

 Ordinances of the Rhodesian Legislative Council and Regulations 

 framed thereunder. The right to cut wood for legitimate mining 

 purposes was secured to the mining industry under the " Mines 

 and Minerals Ordinance, 1903," and an Amendment Ordinance, 

 1908. Under these Regulations 60 per cent, of the mines obtain 

 their wood supplies free of royalty, but, owing to scarcity in 

 certain localities, ^JO per cent, of the mines have to pay full market 

 price for the necessary wood. Certain restrictions are imposed, 

 such as the prohibition of cutting trees under 3 inches diameter, 

 or of cutting within 50 feet on either side of the banks of all 

 public streams. In 1913 an Ordinance was issued to prevent the 



