55 



Baird, Spencer F. < Trans. Chicago Ac. Nat. Sc, 1869, p. 317, pi. 28, 

 f. 1. [A new species, L. Uttoralis, Baird, described, from Sitka.] 



1870. 



Baird, Spencer F.<GeoI. Survey Cal., Ornithology, vol. I, pp. 160- 

 166. [The North American species recognized are : (1) L. griseinucha, 

 Brandt (p. 161) ; (2) L. littoralis, Baird, (p. 162). (3) L. campestris, Baird 

 (p. 163) ; (4) L. tephrocotis, Swainson (p. 164), and (5) X. arctoa. Brandt 

 (p. 165) — each illustrated by a colored, full-sized figure of the head.] 



1872. 



Allen, J. A. Ornithological Notes from the West. < American Natur- 

 alist, VI, June, 1872 ; II. Notes on the Birds of Colorado, pp. 342-351. 

 ["Among the snow-fields of the higher parts of the mountains were 

 found three essentially arctic species that were not met with below 

 the region of snow. These were the tit-lark, the gray-crowned finch 

 {Leucosticte griseinucJia), and the white-tailed ptarmigan {Lagopus 

 leuctirus).'''] 



Notes on an Ornithological Eeconnaissance of Portions of Kan- 

 sas, Colorado, Wyoming, and Utah.<Bull. Mus. Comp. ZooL, Cam- 

 bridge, Mass., vol. Ill, No. 6, July, 1872, pp. 113-183. 



[On p. 121, '^Leucosticte tephrocotis^^ {=L. australis) is stated to have 

 been "found breeding aboA^e timber-line in the mountains of Middle 

 Colorado." VII. List of birds observed in the vicinity of Mount Lin- 

 coln, Park County, Colorado, from July 19 to July 26, 1871, with anno- 

 tations ; pp. 159-164. The same fact again mentioned, i3p, 160 and 161 ; 

 also on p. 162. Mr. Allen's views respecting the different forms of this 

 genus are as follows (pp. 162-163) : "The specimens (IJ^ , 2 $ ) of Leucos- 

 ticte obtainted on Mount Lincoln differ very much in color from winter- 

 specimens of Leucosticte tephrocotis, as well as from any figure or descrip- 

 tion of any form of Leucosticte I have seen. Whether they represent 

 more than the breeding-plumage of L. tephrocotis, or a well-marked south- 

 ern form of that species, I am at present uncertain, being without sum- 

 mer-specimens of that species Different specimens vary 



considerably in the intensity and amount of red.* Besides wanting the 

 gray nuchal collar, these specimens have the rosaceous of winter-speci- 

 mens replaced by bright red, and the bill black instead of yellow. 



."Since writing the above, I have had an opportunity of examining 

 several specimens of Leucosticte killed at Central City, Colorado, in 

 March, 1869, by Mr. F. E. Everett, and by him presented to the Boston 

 Society of Natural History. Of three males, one (marked "young male") 

 differs but little from the Mount Lincoln specimens, it having no ash on 

 the head.t Another corresponds very nearly in color with the so-called 

 L. griseinucha, and another nearly as well with the so-called L. littoralis-X 

 Although these birds may have been born at widely-separated localities, 

 it seems probable that many of the differences whereon certain species 

 of Leucosticte have been founded may be only individual variations. It is 

 to be noticed, however, that the amount of ash on the head and the in- 

 tensity of the colors vary with locality from the north southward : the 

 most southerly form having no ash on the head, the bill black instead 

 of yellow, and the red of a brighter tint than those from more northern 



* The variation noted is chiefly sexual ; the males being much brighter than the females. 

 — R. R. 



t This is L. australis ; it probably has a yellow or yellowish bill, and is an adult. — R. R. 

 + These are both undoubtedly L. tephrocotis var. littoralis. — R. R. 



