72 



flanks. Wing, 4.00-4.40 (4.21); tail, 3.10-3.30 (3.12); culmen, .45-.50 

 (.45) ; tarsus, .75-.85 (.79) ; middle toe, .52-. 60 (.59). 



Female: Colors exactly the same. Wing', 3.90-4.30 (4.16); tail, 2.75- 

 3.15 (3.12) ; culmen, .42-.50 (.46) ; tarsus, .75-.S5 (.79) ; middle toe, .55- 

 .60 (.58). 



Young, ]Srot seen ! 



Of tlie one hundred and fifty-five specimens examined, thirty-five are 

 in the spring-plumage, with uniform black, or dusky, bill, uniform brown, 

 and heightened tint of the red markings. 



To represent the var. tephrocotis in its purity, I have excluded from it 

 all specimens having even a trace of gray below the lores, or the upper 

 outline of the auriculars. Such specimens correspond to campestru, 

 Baied (Cooper, Orn. Cal., T, 1870, 1 63) ; but;^ as they are variously interme- 

 diate between the present race and var. littoralis, I refer them to the 

 latter, and notice them individually under the head of that form. 



The spring-plumage of this race is represented in the series before 

 me by thirty-five specimens, which show that there is no constant sexual 

 difference in coloration, many females being as brightly colored as the 

 brightest males, and vice versa. In fact, the variations in plumage, 

 other than seasonal, noticeable in the entire series of one hundred and 

 seventy adult examples, seem to be merely individual. There is a greater 

 range of variation in the winter-plumage, but it is only in the shades 

 of coloration, there never being any departure from the characteristic 

 pattern. In some of the more dully-colored individuals^ the gray of 

 the crown has more or less of a smoky tinge, sometimes almost unit- 

 ing the dusky of the forehead with the brown of the neck ; while, 

 in others, the gray feathers have smoky-brown shafts or tips. These 

 I consider to be young birds in their first winter-plumage. 



List of specimens. 



* Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Mass. 

 t Museum of Mrs. M. A. Maxwell, Boulder, Col. 



