371 



fossil and living oaks, but has not any decided relation to any one. 

 Allied to Quercus Meriani, Heer, Q. Mmrodi, TJng., by the general form 

 of the leaves and thg divisions of the borders, it differs from them by 

 the nervation. The same differences are remarked in comparing it to 

 Quercus triangularis, Gopp. ; and from Quercus attenuata, Gopp,, which 

 has the same kind of nervation, it positively differs by the large obtuse 

 teeth of the borders. 

 Habitat. — Point of Rocks, Br. F. Y. Hayden. 



21. Dryophyllum crenatum, sp. nov. 



Leaves oblong-lanceolate, broadly cuueate or subtruncate to the 

 base, regularly, deeply crenate; nervation pinnate j middle nerve 

 flat; secondary veins distant, thick, open, diverging sixty to sixty-five 

 degrees, slightly curving, subcamptodrome ', substance of the leaves 

 thick ; surface rough. 



This species is represented onl3^ by two fragmentary specimens, both 

 figured, and exemplifying the nervation and reticulation. The form of 

 the leaves is not positively defined by these fragments. It appears 

 oblong, lanceolate upward, and truncate or broadly wedge-form at base 

 The borders are obtusely dentate or broadly sinuate-creuate, aud, as it is 

 the case in the representative of this genus, the secondary veins are half 

 camptodrome, or forking, before entering the teeth ; one of the divisions 

 passing along the borders, while a branch goes up into the teeth. This 

 species is a representative of a subdivision of the Quercinew, or Quercus 

 species, which is widely represented in the Cretaceous of Europe, or, at 

 least, of Belgium, according to the information of Messrs. Devey and 

 Ettinghausen, though none has as yet been published. We have it in 

 our Cretaceous of jSTebraska in one fine species, Quercus primordialis, 

 Lsqx. ; and as it persists in the Lower Tertiary of Europe, where it is 

 represented by four species in the flora of the Lowest Eocene of Belgium, 

 the Marnes JELeersiennes of Gelinden, aud by four species also in the 

 Eocene of Sezano, inferior to the Mount Bolca stage, we cannot be sur- 

 prised to find it also in our Lower American Tertiary. Another species, 

 Quercus furcinervis, Eossm., has been identified in the Lignitic strata of 

 Golden, though in fragmentary specimens, and in very good and numerous 

 ones under the conglomerate and lava deposits of the Cascade Mountains 

 of Oregon. In the integrity of its typical character, this group of oaks 

 may be considered as originating in the Cretaceous, as fully developed 

 in the Eocene, i)assing through the Miocene by derived types, Quercus 

 loncliitis, Q. Drymeja, and represented in our flora by the predominant 

 group of the chestnut-oaks. 



Habitat. — Point of Eocks, F. V. Hayden. 



Besides the above described and figured species, the specimens ob- 

 tained from Point of Eocks by Dr. Hayden have still one leaf of Ficus 

 planicostata, Lsqx., a species ver^^ common at Black Butte. This leaf 

 is deformed by compression of the clay wherein it is embedded, one side 

 of it being deeply wrinkled and lacerated, while the other had one of 

 the primary lateral veins and its divisions distinct. The broad, flat 

 nerve, and the areolation of that part of leaf, are sufficient for identifica- 

 tion. Some other specimens, also, represent rhizomas, stems, and grass- 

 like leaves, whose reference is still somewhat uncertain. They seem by 

 their form, their nervation, and an indistinct articulation, referable to a 

 species of Arundo, like A. Goepperti. Aud then, also, the family of the 

 Palm is represented there by five specimens, bearing fragments of leaves 

 of Sabal Grayana, identified by its distinct aud peculiar nervation. 

 The double rays vary in width from one aud a half to four centimeters* 



