132 KANSAS CITY REVIEW OF SCIENCE. 



descending slope. The water is strongly saline, and depth reported to be over loo 

 feet. Water is constantly at surface and trickles over gently. The Indians are 

 said to have ascribed great virtue to it, or rather to have worshipped it as a 

 "totem," or medicine — their Wakond.\, which name is now often applied to it. 



Beyond Cawker we soon find higher rocks of the Cretaceous, Above Portis, 

 at Kirwin, Logan, and Bull City, the white and cream colored beds of the Nio- 

 brara group appear. Much of this rock is of snowy whiteness or cream color, 

 easily cut or sawn, and can be readily whittled with a knife. ' One-half the build- 

 ings of these towns are constructed of it. It looks very handsome, is not strong, 

 nor will a wall built in a damp place stand wet and frost. It does well in the ab- 

 sence of better. The rock contains Haploscapha Rudistes and Osirea. 



At Bull City on South Solomon, in Osborne county, about twenty-five feet 

 is exposed, resting on fifty or more feet of dark shales. Some of the beds of this 

 formation contain fossil fish and those wonderful Saurians. 



ARCHEOLOGY. 



PREHISTORIC MAN IN AMERICA. 

 {Concluded.^ 



BY PROF. EDWARD S. MORSE. 



If we now look at civilized man, we find him distributed in every part of 

 the world, and history and tradition in most cases give us information as to the 

 manner of this distribution. Believing that in past times, as at present, colonizing 

 went on in similar ways, we infer that neolithic man became more widedly scat- 

 tered than his predecessors. Whenever we turn our eyes, from one side of the 

 earth to the other, the age of polished stone implements at one time existed. 

 More important still is it to consider that paleohthic man seems to be just as 

 widely distributed. His remains in river-drift and other places have been found 

 in England, France, Portugal, Greece, Italy, Africa, Palestine, the Indian Pe- 

 ninsula and Northern India, New Jersey, and California. Thus we have this 

 early man spread over nearly the whole world ; and, so far as we can judge from 

 his rude implements, identical under all conditions of climate and surroundings. 

 Surely such a distribution must not only indicate an enormous lapse of time, dur- 

 ing which he remained in this condition and slowly found his way to different 

 parts of the world, but must of necessity, presuppose the existence of a more 

 primitive people from which these had sprung. Had these also become so widely 

 scattered ? Compare these rude men with those of Europe, and consider how 

 long a knowledge of the Western Hemisphere was hidden from the latter. How 

 infinitely slow must have been the colonizing of continents in \ aleolithic ages and 

 in ages more remote ! 



