338 KANSAS CITY REVIEW OF SCIENCE. 



attributed to them by the conquerors, who must fictitiously give them importance 

 in order to throw reflected greatness upon their conquest. — American Naturalist. 



ANCIENT PUEBLO WORKSHOP. 



BY E.. A. BARBER. 



On the north bank of the Rio San Juan, in Southern Utah, about twenty or 

 thirty miles below the mouth of the Mancos canon, in the summer of 1875, ^ <^^S' 

 covered the site of an ancient aboriginal workshop, where axes and hatchets had 

 formerly been made in large numbers. On an elevated ledge overlooking the 

 river, I gathered together in the space of half an hour, upwards of twenty stone 

 axes of various sizes and in different stages of manufacture. They were all made 

 of the natural, rounded, water-worn stones of the river, such as we call cobble- 

 stones, varying in length from four to ten inches. As a general thing, the flat 

 stones, which approach most nearly the desired form, had been selected, and the 

 majority of them had simply a groove roughly chipped out around one end. 

 None of the specimens exhibited any traces of surface-pecking. In some examples 

 the edge had been commenced by flaking off small fragments on each side, whilst 

 a few had been superficially sharpened by abrasion. One highly polished celt, of 

 the long, narrow variety, such as the one figured in Hayden's Report for 1876, 

 PI. xLVi, Fig. 3, and two or three broken specimens were included in the series. 

 They were all found on the surface, scattered through a large number of stones 

 which had evidently been carried there for the same purpose. The ledge or small 

 plateau on which they were found, did not exceed two hundred feet in length and 

 fifty in width. — American Naturalist. 



THE NEGRO AS AN IRONWORKER. 



The Iron Age in discussing the value of the negro as a worker in the manu- 

 facture of iron, says : 



" For some years a portion, at least, of the workmen at the Old Dominion 

 and Tredegar Iron Works, at Richmond, Va., have been colored men, and as 

 puddlers they have been especially efficient. Some years ago, during a strike at 

 a mill in Pittsburg, a number of coloted men were brought from Richmond to 

 Pittsburg as puddlers, and unless a change has been made very recently, the 

 puddUng at this mill is still done by negroes. These experiments and their re- 

 sults, successful as they have been, have not been generally known in the South, 

 and when some six months or more ago the Knoxville (Tenn.) Iron Works con- 

 cluded to try negro labor, it was with some doubt as to the result. To-day, we 

 are assured, the mill in all its departments is run entirely with negro labor — pud- 

 dhng, heating, rolling, shearing, etc. The superintendents are white, but heat- 

 ers, rollers, roughers, catchers, drag downs, puddlers, helpers, etc., are all color- 



