MARTIN BEH AIM'S GLOBE. 471 



unpleasant ideas presented to his mind for contemplation by the Eternal Spirit. 

 So also the consideration of this doctrine, that "real ideas" are presented in ac- 

 cordance with permanent and fixed laws, will meet the following objections : 

 One student in the senior class at Princeton, did not beheve in the Berkelerian 

 theory of matter. On one occasion, when the students were at supper, the dish 

 being hot mush-and-milk, this youth uttered a loud cry of pain. The tutor who 

 presided at the long table started up in alarm, as did the other students. " Mr. 

 Tutor," exclaimed the young man, "I beg your pardon, but I've just swallowed 

 an exceedingly hot idea." 



A minister once consoled his clerical friend, who held the Berkelerian theory, 

 and from whom a fine horse had just been stolen, by reminding him " that he 

 had merely lost an idea." 



. Many objections made to the Berkelerian philosophy are worthless, because 

 those who make them do not take into account that the ideal theory of matter 

 does not apply to spirit. 



GEOGRAPHY. 



MARTIN BEHAIM'S GLOBE. 



BY E. L. BERTHOUD, GOLDEN, COL. 



Without doubt the discovery of America by Christopher Columbus was an 

 achievement whose parallel has never been known anywhere, and whose results 

 have been extraordinary, as well as immense in their influence on civilization 

 and advancement. 



Granting all this as self-evident, yet it is a plain fact that the existence of 

 lands in the farther limits of the western ocean was known to some, had been 

 visited, if we may trust the few accounts and fragments that we have left, by ex- 

 peditions from Iceland, Norway and Greenland, besides the Irish and Welsh ad- 

 venturers who claim they went to St. Brandon, and to Vinland or New England. 



The obscure accounts which Columbus picked up in his northern naviga- 

 tions, besides the journey to Iceland, which he made, undoubtedly convinced 

 him that beyond the Atlantic billows he would find new lands and the wealth of 

 the Indies. 



These ideas have been suggested to us upon an examination of Martin Be- 

 haim's Globe, or map, of the world, embracing the two Hemispheres and dating 

 about 1490-91, just previous to the discovery of America, and Sebastian Cabot's 

 Map of the World, which he made when Chief Pilot of Spain, early in the reign 

 of Charles the Fifth, King of Spain. 



V— 30 



