596 KANSAS CITY REVIEW OF SCIENCE. 



dition of 1875. The novices of the party were quite astonished to see "red 

 snow" on shore, which, in this case, was not very crimson, but by this time a 

 common sight to me. 



Soon after passing Cape Alexander, which, with Cape Isabella, forms the 

 entrance to Smith's Sound, we found ourselves at Lyttleton Island. An officer 

 and myself with some of our men started for " Lifeboat Cave " in the whaleboat, 

 about eight miles in the distance, but from the clear sight of it, seeming, as usual, 

 to be very near. At this point Buddington and part of the Polaris party passed 

 their second winter after the death of Capt. Hall. We found several relics of the 

 Polaris' camp and took pleasure in sending them to some of the party now in 

 Washington. At Cape Hawkes, while Commander Greeley and an officer went 

 ashore to inspect the rations deposited here by Nares, I went with Lockwood to 

 Washington Survey Island, which lies opposite. We were obliged to separate, 

 after much difficulty in landing at all, because of overhanging "ice-foot." I 

 took the west end of the island and Lockwood the east. We had to climb to the 

 top of a summit. 



On the top 6i that which Lieut. Lockwood mounted he found the Nares 

 cairn and the record inside. He took the original and left a copy, with also a 

 record of the Proteus' movements. We found the ship getting under way when 

 w^e returned breathless and fatigued by our necessary haste. 



When we were off Cape Lieber, about Cape Baird, which makes Lady Frank- 

 lin Bay, we found the ice of impenetrable character, and were obliged there to 

 halt. Commander Greeley and myself went ashore at Cape Lieber. The high 

 cliff that forms this cape is almost perpendicular on the side facing the sea, and 

 is about 2,500 feet in height. From this point a grand view was before us. Polaris 

 Promontory, the entrance to Lady Franklin Bay, Petermann's Fiord, Bessel's 

 Bay, all like a panorama of grandeur in variety of proportion, spread before us. 

 It was also where Hayes opened his eyes upon the open polar sea. The cairn 

 he mentions having erected could not be found. The ice, which, was so dense 

 as to wholly impede our further progress one day, upon the following left the way 

 clear to our travel through the influence of a strong southwest wind, which al- 

 ways has the same effect. 



Soon after this most fortunate occurrence we were at Lady Franklin Bay, in 

 Discovery Harbor, and prepared to raise the house upon a spot to be called 

 Fort Conger, which is the first signal station of the colonization party, and the 

 future headquarters of many land-exploring parties. 



Every man, with unwonted energy, assisted in unloading the Proteus, that 

 she might the sooner return south. 



The photographer of the expedition, and the jovial man of our party, seems 

 to have had quite an unusual visit in point of time and interest to the hut of a 

 native Esquimau, who lived in the primitive style. His description of the same 

 is worthy of the quotation I ask of him for the Globe-Democrat, my home paper : 

 "At Proven a better opportunity for studying the habits of the primitive Esqui- 

 maux was afforded than at any other place we have visited. The whalers and 



