638 KANSAS CITY REVIEW OF SCIENCE. 



effect — and the fires were not only all out now but had been out for a number of 

 hours. We agreed that there must be a "big fire" somewhere, but we little 

 dreamed that that fire was in Michigan, and that our fellow citizens out there 

 were at that very moment in such a strait. 



When the weather-map for the 6th of September came it revealed "Low " 

 very high in the northeast. Therefore, the cloudiness and "closeness" in this 

 section. We were in the confines of " Low " — it was too far away from us to 

 produce rain — we were on the outskirts and got the attending cloudiness. 

 "Low" being on such a high line made it very warm. Now we could under- 

 stand why, although we smelled smoke, it was not near the ground. It was pro- 

 duced by an immense fire and that fire was at a great distance, hence the reason 

 why it so diffused itself in the air and why it was not more noticeable along the 

 ground than through the atmosphere generally. By this it will be seen that all 

 though this phenomenon affected the air, it had nothing to do with meteorology; it 

 was quite distinct from it and was the result of other natural causes rather than 

 coming under the workings of " Low." Sure " Low " made the general cloudi^ 

 ness but it did not produce the yellowish tint in the atmosphere nor bring on the 

 premature darkness of the day. 



Fogs. — Some mouths ago, in connection with the weather, I conceived the 

 idea of studying fogs. This summer while on a trip from Washington to Rhode 

 Island, via Long Island Sound, I fell in with Captain O. C. Griffin, captain of 

 "the sound" steamer •* Stonington." I mentioned the subject to him. I pro- 

 posed to send him a package of postal cards addressed to me, and asked him to 

 send me a daily report of the weather of the "Sound," and particularly as to the 

 degree and nature of the fog at night. He cheerfully agreed to comply with my 

 wishes in this respect and faithfully forwarded the cards with the report to me 

 every day. After receiving these cards for about a month I spread the maps on 

 the floor, in a line according to date and arranged the cards in a like manner be- 

 side them. I think that any lover of science would have been delighted to see 

 how nicely the two fitted and agreed with each other and how perfectly the one 

 proved the other. 



Here is a daily map of the atmosphere, made in Washington. Captain Grif- 

 fin of course could have had no influence over the map, nor could he have known 

 what it would be from day to day ; neither could the parties here who make the 

 map know anything of the report of Captain Griffin. Yet, when the two came to 

 be compared, they fitted into each other as nicely as the work from different me, 

 chanics made after the architect's complete drawings. 



From these reports there seems to be two kinds of fog, t. e., fogs from twa 

 different conditions. First, a general fog which is the result of low barometer and 

 which follows or exists within the area of " Low." A fog of this class will con- 

 tinue through the day as well as at night, so long as the locality is within the area 

 of low barometer. It will not, however, be so thick during the day as at night; 

 and then much depends upon the force of the wind to remove it to other places, 

 say in the form of clouds. Fogs of this nature, by sailors are called " sea fogs,'' 



