THE CHERT ROCKS OF SUB-CARBONIFEROUS KANSAS. 669 



thinks he has demonstrated since, and produced absolute proofs through investi- 

 gations made in New Mexico. The Aztecs were not then, or at any time, a 

 mound-building race, and there are no mounds in New Mexico from whence they 

 spring. 



Mr. Evans concludes : "It will now be seen how necessary it was to investi- 

 gate the antiquities of this territory in order to throw light oa those of Mexico 

 and the States. With the evidence all in, let us recapitulate and see what we 

 have gained. Investigations have established the following as facts : 



1. "The mounds of the United States were made by the same race that 

 built the mounds of Mexico. Proven by close resemblance between the works ; 

 by implements used in common ; similar manner of burial, and skulls from the 

 tombs of each locality. 



2. " The mounds of Mexico antedate Aztec occupation. Proven by records 

 that the Aztecs did not enter the valley until the close of the thirteenth century ; 

 by investigation that the mounds contain skulls that are not Aztec ; that they contain 

 specimens of the plastic art that could not have come from the hand of an Aztec. 



3. " The Aztecs were not a mound-building race. Proven by investigation 

 in New Mexico, disclosing the fact that there are no temple, sacrificial, or burial 

 mounds in the land from which they come ; that they build no mounds here, and 

 built none in Mexico from the time the Spaniards occupied the country in 1520 

 until the present, and it was a physical impossibility, even though they had the 

 knowledge, to have erected all the mounds and pyramids in Mexico during the 

 space of time that elapsed from their entry into the valley until its occupation 

 by the Spaniards." — Scientific American. 



GEOLOGY. 



THE CHERT ROCKS OF SUB-CARBONIFEROUS KANSAS. 



BY ERASMUS HAWORTH, B. S. 



The Keokuk group of the sub-carboniferous in Southeastern Kansas, pre- 

 sents many interesting phenomena. According to Prof. Mudge, the stream 

 known as Spring River marks the northwestern boundary of this group. This, I 

 think, is not exactly correct. In some places on the west side of the river, the 

 formations appear to be the same as those on the east. In this Keokuk group 

 occur the lead and zinc deposits of Short Creek and, farther east in Missouri, 

 those of Joplin City, Oronogo, Webb City and other places of less notoriety. 



The occurrence of lead and zinc ores in this vicinity has been so frequently 

 discussed, that perhaps nothing new could be said on the subject. But the pecu- 



