the limited means at the disposal of our people 

 from legitimate business to this precarious 

 industry. 



BUILDING STONE 



Iq the possession of the Historical Society 

 are three collections of the building stone of 

 the Red River valley. These almost all be- 

 long to the limeslione rocks we have been 

 describing, which are of Trenton and Huds n 

 River age. While this stone is perhaps our 

 only present resource, it) is plainly rather un- 

 suioable for finer kinds of work Sindt-tme 

 also is fouad ab Grindstone Point on Lake 

 Winnipeg; bub it is rabher briotle. Some 

 marbles occur on Lake Manitoba, and ib is 

 altogether likely that as our northern lakes 

 and water courses are explored buildirg soone 

 of superior quality will be obtained. 



occur, and in the Rosenfeld boring a great 

 flow of brine was strack. From these indica- 

 tions we can infer that, though the rocks are 

 not vieibla on account ( f the drift, salt hear- 

 iDg strata run across the country from Lake 

 Manitob*, east of Poplar Point, east of Oik- 

 ville, and near the town of Morris. Of course 

 the lower rocks, may have brine filtered 

 through them from abavt*, where the upper 

 rocks are salt bearing. This was actually the 

 case at Rosenfeld, where the strong- st flow of 

 brine was met bilow the Trenton. The force 

 uf the brine at Rosenfeld was so grffat that ib 

 rose in a pipe eighteen feet abive the surface 

 of the prairie This Risenfeld salt was ex- 

 amined by Mr. Hoffman, of Ootawa, and 

 was declared to contain paying quantidies 

 of excellent salt. Indeed the old Fort Garry 



Fig. 3. — Kocks on Assiniboine and Tributaries. 



SALT. 



Judging by the occurrence of salt in West- 

 ern Ontario and looking at our Silurian rocks 

 we should not expect id to occur until we pass 

 some diabarce west of Saonewall, where 

 as we have seen whab appears to be 

 the Niagara limestone is found. Said 

 in Ondario and New York state is 

 found in the Ononiaga or Salina formation 

 Ijiog above the Niagara. Seventy years ago 

 as we learn, there were salt springs known 

 nsar Pembina. The nearest salt springs to 

 Winnipeg city are in the valley of Riviere 

 Sile, a few miles this side of the railway sta- 

 tion of Oikville on the Northern Pacific Port 

 age branch. Oiher springs are found on Lake 

 Manitoba, while near the Marais river, some 

 55 miles south of the city well known springs 



sab, which was sold twenty years ago, chough 

 black with impurities, wa^ of good qualidy. 

 In old R-id River days, a manufactory if salt 

 was carried on from 25 said wells on Lake 

 Winmpegoisis by James Monkman for the 

 Hudson Bay companv. The old price was 12 

 shillings sterling a bushel. Nj doubt salb 

 making will become one of our industries, bab 

 bo compebe with eastern salt it will probably 

 have to be worked with sawmills on Lake 

 Manitoba and Lake Winnippgoosis, as is done 

 in the Saginaw district c f Michigio, where 

 ohe refase from the mills is utilized for provid- 

 ing a fuel without cost. 



PETROLEUM. 



The great value of petroleum to the coun- 

 try, and the faoo that on the Mackenzie river 



