game birds, its cause and effect," and "The effects of civilization 

 upon our game birds," pointing again to the systematic descrip- 

 tion to show the effect of a cause, or the construction of forms to 

 suit chosen conditions. 



As to the origin of birds and their place in nature, much 



DENDRAGAPUS CANADENSIS 

 (Canada Grouse or Spruce Partridge). Female. 



may be said, but I shall simply refer you to former mention of 

 birds as the connecting link between reptiles and mammals ; on 

 the lower side the Archoeopteryx macrura, the earliest known 

 bird fossil, found in the Jurassic States of Bavaria, connecting 

 with reptiles; and on the other hand to the Ornithorhynchus 



