explorers, whose work is to be found scattered though various 

 histories and reports. 



The first to which I would refer was that of Sir John 

 Franklin — a name of much personal interest to myself, as 

 he was educated within a stone's throw of my birthplace, in 

 an old school established by Edward VI. 



Sir John Franklin came to Canada in 1825, and explored 

 the country between Lake Superior and the mouth of the 

 Mackenzie Kiver. 



Very full scientific colL^ctions were made, and the results 

 as regards botany, may be found in the invaluable catalogue 

 of the Geological Survey of Canada. Four large quarto vol- 

 umes were issued ; the first three in 1829, the fourth in 1837, 

 giving descriptions of the wild animals, birds, fishes and in- 

 sects collected in the Northwest — under the title of "Rich- 

 ardson's Fauna Boreali — Americana." I believe Vol. 4, on 

 Insects, has been republished in Canada by the Entomological 

 Society. 



The Palliser expedition, 1857-60, did much work and Dr. 

 Hector (afterwards Sir James Hector) and Mons. Bourgeau, 

 added largely to the knowledge of the geology and botany 

 respectively, of the iTorthwest. 



In 1857 also, S. G. Daiwson, C. E., and Professor H. Y. 

 Hind, began exploration in the ISTorthwest, for the Canadian 

 Government. Their report, published in 1859, contained a 

 great amount of valuable scientific information. The expe- 

 dition of Captain Back to the Great Fish Eiver also deserves 

 notice. 



When the "transfer" became an established fact in 1872, 

 the Geological Survey began a series of explorations which are 

 still being continued. In 1872, probably. Dr. A. R. C. Sel- 

 wyn. Director of the Survey, made a geological reconnais- 

 sance from Lake Superior, T)y way of English and Winnipeg 

 Rivers, to Fort Garry. ISTotes of this were published, toge- 

 ther ^vith those of Dr. R. Bell, in the Report of ProgTCss for 

 1872-3. 



The next year these gentlemen extended their observa- 

 tions to the Rocky Mountains. 



The "Sandford Fleming" expedition, in 1872, contributed 

 largely to a fuller knowledge of the geology, flora and fauna 

 of this Province and the Wast. Its results are recorded in the 



