52 UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI STUDIES 



duodenum in the middle part and the hepatic flexure, as- 

 cending, and transverse colons in the lower part (Plates 

 XVII and XVIII). Posterior to the midaxillary plane the 

 right lobe is fitted over the upper half of the anterior sur- 

 face of the right kidney (Plates XVI, XVII and XVIII). 

 The peritonaeal portion of the right suprarenal gland comes 

 into contact with this surface of the liver between the 

 upper part of the kidney and vena cava inferior (Plate 

 XVI). This area is continuous with the suprarenal area 

 on the posterior surface seen in Plate XV. The liver does 

 not come into contact with the jejunoileum at any point. 



The gaU bladder lies along the right costal margin with 

 its right half under cover of the eighth and ninth costal car- 

 tilages. It is only moderately distended so that it is entirely 

 under cover of the liver anteriorly. It lies in a shallow 

 groove between the right and quadrate lobes and is in con- 

 tact internally with the pylorus and first part of the duo- 

 denum (Plates XVI and XVII). The fundus is about 1 

 cm. above and in front of the highest part of the hepatic 

 flexure. The neck is prolonged upward and inward as the 

 cystic duct into the hepatoduodenal ligament. This liga- 

 ment connects the liver, above the neck of the gall bladder, 

 with the superior duodenum, pancreas, and pylorus and con- 

 tains the bile duct, hepatic artery, portal vein and lymph 

 glands, in their usual relations to each other. The root 

 structures of the liver are separated from the vena cava in- 

 ferior by a small peritonaeal pocket, the beginning of the 

 vestibule of the lesser peritonaeal cavity (Foramen epiploi- 

 cum [Winslowi], Plate XVI). 



The main differences in position and relations of the 

 liver as seen in these plates and that usually described seems 

 to be due to two conditions : First, the left lobe is com- 

 pressed in the superoinferior direction and extends far over 



