365] FLORA OF COLUMBIA AND VICINITY 223 



ly at the apex; the central head of each fork nearly sessile, 

 those lateral on peduncles 3-6 cm. long, which are slightly 

 thickened upwards; heads small, 4 mm. broad, 6 mm. high; 

 the pappus at maturity protruding about 5 mm. from the in- 

 volucre; bracts of the involucre purplish brown, the margins 

 scarious, and slightly flocculent, apices subacute or the upper 

 mucronate, mostly appressed or slightly spreading at matu- 

 rity, not reflexed; pappus buff to golden-brown, whence the 

 specific name; achenes 4 mm. high, slightly hispidulous. 



Frequent in wild pastures east of Columbia. The plant 

 differs from V. fasciat/ata Michx. in the buff-colored pappus, 

 the hispidulous achenes, the non-puncticulate leaves, and 

 the more spreading bracts; and from small specimens of V. 

 maxima Small in the color of the pappus, the pubescent 

 stem and foliage, and in the shape of the leaves. 



392. ELEPHANTOPUS L. Elephant's-foot. 



916. E. OarolinianusWilld. Carolina elephant's-foot. 

 Common along streams. 



New Jersey to Kansas; Florida to Texas. 



393. EUPATORIUM L. {^CONOCLINUM DC.]. 

 Thoroughwort. 



917. E. purpureum L. Joe-Pye weed. 

 Common in low grounds. 



New Brunswick to Manitoba; Florida to Texas. 



918. E. maculatum L. \E. purpureum maculatum (L.) 

 Darl.j. Spotted Joe-Pye weed. 



Frequent in low grounds. 



New York to British Columbia; Georgia to New Mex- 

 ico. 



919. E. serotinum Michx. Autumn thoroughwort. 

 Common along streams. 



Maryland to Iowa and Kansas; Florida to Texas. 



920. E. altissinauna L. Tall thoroughwort. 

 Frequent in dry thickets and on wild hillsides. 

 Pennsylvania to South Dakota; North Carolina to 



Texas. 



