BY. FRITZ NOETLING, PH.D., F,R S.T., ETC. IIQ. 



4. Pipeclay. 



Pen-ga-na mali, lit. the " white " \ 



pengana I meaning 



Man-na-na mali, lit. the "white" [unknown, 

 manana I 



5. Hornstone, Porcellanite. 



Tro-na, meaning unknown. 



Mora-trona, perhaps " black " or " heavy " 

 trona. 



C. Substances resulting from the weathering of 

 rocks. 



1. Sand. 



Munga-ra (mena), meaning unknown. 



2. Argillaceous soil, Clay. 



Pen-ga-na \ meaning unknown. 

 Man-na-na j 



We see it is a meagre list on the whole, yet, con- 

 sidering the low state of civilisation, it is astonishing 

 that the Aborigines distinguished even this number. 



We know that at least one kind of rock, the " horn- 

 stone," in its numerous varieties, was of utmost import- 

 ance to the Aborigines, and next to it, for ornamental 

 purposes, came the " red ochre," which was closely fol- 

 lowed by " coal," that is to say, "' charcoal." It is, there- 

 fore, not astonishing that these three substances were 

 distinguished by special names ; neither is it surprising 

 that the original mineral from which the red ochre was 

 obtained was given a special name. 



It is also hardly astonishing that certain rocks, like 

 diabas, basalt, freestone, and schist, which form such 

 conspicuous features in the Tasmanian landscape, were 

 distinguished under 'different names. All these sub- 

 stances, which either played an important role in fhe 

 daily life, or were closely associated with the features 

 of the countryv %ere i distinguis'hed by special names. 

 Yet there are a few more substances of which the Tas- 

 manian words have been preserved for w'hichno such 

 importance can be_ claimed. These are yellow ochre, 



