626 MR. J, H. LEECH ON THE [DcC. 18, 



pale whity brown ; primaries with discal and apical spots as above ; 

 there are also two small brownish spots at outer angle ; on secondaries 

 are a discal spot and a linear dash near anal angle brownish. 

 Expanse 44-48 millim. (Plate XXXI. figs. 7, 7a.) 

 Although very different in coloration, the markings of the female 

 are exactly of the same character as those of the male. In reference 

 to the females with ill-developed wings it should be said that these 

 organs are very similar in appearance to the wings of a moth on its 

 first emerging" from the pupa and gives one the idea of arrested 

 development. Instances of this nature are not unknown to the 

 breeder of Lepidoptera, although the cause is not understood. 

 There is nothing to show whether Fryer's specimens of this species 

 were captured or bred ; but as the semiapterous form is nearer to 

 typical female Orgyia we may reasonably suppose that such forms 

 as that figured are usual with O. thyellina. 

 Tokio {Fenton); Yokohama, Oiwake {Pryer). 



219. Orgyia gonostigma. 



Bomhyx gonostigma, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 585 (1 775); Hiibn. Bomb, 

 pi. XX. fig. 78. 



Orgyia approximans, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1881, p. 10. 



One example in Fryer's collection from Oiwake. 



The tone of colour and number of white a[)ical spots are such 

 variable characters in 0. gonostigma that it is certainly an unnecessary 

 addition to synonymy to endeavour to establish a species on such 

 slight differences as those upon which Mr. Butler has relied in his 

 differentiation of O. approximans. 



Oiwake {Fryer). 



220. Frismosticta hyalinata. 



Prismosticta hyalinata, Butl. Cist. Ent. vol. iii. p. 125. 

 This is no. 163 of Fryer's Catalogue, and there were several 

 specimens in his collection chiefly from Oiwake. 

 Oiwake, Nikko {Fryer). 



221. BOMBYX MORI. 



Phalcsna mori, Linn. Syst. Nat. ii. p. 817. 33 (1767). 

 Several specimens, coll. Fryer. 

 Yokohama {Fryer). 



222. BOMBYX MANDARINUS. 



Theophila mandarina, Moore, Froc. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 576, 

 pi. xxxiii. fig. 5. 



A fine series in coll. Fryer. I took two males at Gensan in Jidy. 



This species is probably the wild form of the silkworm of commerce, 

 B. mori. It is much darker in colour and has very distinct markings ; 

 the female is much larger than the same sex of -S. mori. Compared 

 with that of the cultivated silkworm the cocoon of B. mandarinus is 

 very flimsy. 



Yokohama (Prye?-) ; Hakodate (^w^/retcs) ; Gensan (Zeec/i). 



