NOTES ON KANSAS MINERALS. 335 
Granby, twenty miles southeast of Joplin, presents a striking contrast. It 
is dependent on a single railroad, which owns much of the mining land ; and the 
land is all leased or owned by the Granby Mining and Smelting Company. 
Lead ore has been extensively mined since 1856, and during the war the mines 
were worked for both armies. The zinc ore obtained is mainly calamine, but 
blende is also found. The mines are in general shallow and less troubled with 
water, the ores usually require less mechanical dressing than at other points in 
the lead region. The company receives from the men all of the lead and zinc 
ore, deducts the royalties paid to the railroad and its own royalties, and pays the 
miner on a sliding-scale, based on the price of the metallic lead and the selling 
price of zinc ore, for the reason that it smelts the lead ore, and at present sells 
the zinc ore. 
This mining point is noteworthy, as it is the only one producing large amounts 
of calamine. The calamine is naturally rich, not much contaminated with other 
materials, and occurs with the lead ore in shallow horizontal openings. It was 
first utilized in 1871, prior to which time large amounts of it had been discovered 
and left in the ground or thrown aside. Since that time, it has been extensively 
mined, and has added greatly to the prosperity of the mines. Calamine is by 
nature less rich than blende in the proportion of 53 to 67 per cent; it is also 
much more difficult to clean when mixed with rock, on account of its lower 
specific gravity; but in proportion to the metal it contains, it is more valuable 
than blende, because it can be smelted more cheaply and the metal more perfectly 
extracted from it, and when mixed with blende in the furnace charge, it makes 
it possible to get more metal out of the blende. It is also valuable on account of 
the superior softness and toughness of the metal obtained from it ; but it will not 
bear transportation to a distance as well as blende, on account of its lower per- 
centage of metal. This ore has been at times the principal supply of the Caron- 
delet Zinc Works ; large amounts of it have been shipped to La Salle and Peru ; 
and in 1874, 4,000 tons were shipped to Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, which yielded 
a little over 32 per cent of metal on the weight of the raw ore. It is less favored 
by the zinc works in the neighborhood, because the freight upon it is heavier 
than the freight on ore from other points, and because furnaces working it can 
not turn out as many pounds of metal a day as when working on blende, and 
the output of the works is reduced. 
NOTES ON KANSAS MINERALS. 
ERASMUS HAWORTH, EMPIRE CITY, KANSAS. 
The following minerals, new to Kansas , have been found in Cherokee County : 
I. Native sulphur. 2, Chalcopyrite (copper pyrites). 3. Greenockite (cad- 
mium sulphide). 4. Anglesite (lead sulphate). 
I. Native sulphur occurs at Weir City, and in other coal-mining districts. 
