488 KANSAS CITY REVIEW OF SCIENCE. 
extinct upon this coast, who were evidently far advanced in the science of stone- 
cutting, and also in the arts culinary and ornamental. The Digger Indians were 
not the first inhabitants of this region. There was a race of people living here in 
Santa Barbara, more industrious and better informed as to how life and comfort 
might be prolonged and promoted than the poor, groveling, subservient race of 
"root-diggers" found here when the Dominican padres came here to plant and 
cultivate civilization. Most of the houses of the old residents of Santa Barbara's 
sea coast contain queer and well-finished articles of stone-ware dug up or found 
upon the surface of the earth, all relics of a people now extinct. 
These articles are nearly all of stone. Some, however, are of bone and 
fibrous formation, and none of metal or wood. The archaeologists have for years 
been digging up and investigating the formation of the mounds in Iowa, Indiana, 
Illinois, and Missouri. They have dug up and sent east shiploads of arrowheads 
of flint and spearheads, war-clubs and trinkets of a crude and rough shape. 
Pieces of pottery have been collected in Colorado, New Mexico and Arizona, all 
showing that civilization once existed upon this continent prior to the arrival of 
the now fast disappearing Indian race. We had a very industrious and intelli- 
gent race of people living upon this coast in the long, long ago. Who were they ? 
Vancouver, the famous navigator, says in his description of this coast more than 
a century ago, that there were -no less than thirteen populous villages of natives 
upon the sea-coast now known as Ventura and Santa Barbara. Where are those 
thirteen populous villages ? Where are the native descendants ? All that can 
be found concerning them are the fragments picked up in the valleys or the 
relics dug from the graves. The Indian graves of this section and the adjacent 
islands are prolific in specimens of the handiwork of an extinct population. 
These specimens that are exhumed, and of which the Smithsonian Institution, at 
Washington, contains many tons, are indications of industry practiced here two 
or three centuries ago, which puts all of our fine stone-cutting and sculpturing in 
the shade. These extinct tribes made piping or tubes out of the hard agate rock, 
beads out of shells, charms and talismans of exquisite shape and perfection, 
representing fishes and animals, out of abalone shells; fine fish hooks from mussel 
'shells, and all kinds of cooking utensils from the solid rock. They had no me- 
tallic chisels or drills, no metals of any kind, no turning lathes, and yet their 
work is perfect. 
The collection donated October 14th, to Clark's Natural Museum, includes 
one mammoth-sized mortar and pestle, both cut out of solid hard rock, the mortar 
nearly two feet across the top, the pestle two feet in length. Both are perfect in 
contour and finished as smoothly as rock can be dressed. The mortar would 
hold about half a bushel of grain and was no doubt the property of the miller 
of the tribe, who could grind corn meal very rapidly by the aid of such a large- 
sized hand-mill. Then there are a dozen or more beautifully finished mortars 
and pestles, all of solid stone, some of one variety of stone and some of another. 
Some of the mortars are of smoothly polished agate and very beautiful. The 
most remarkable of these exhumed Indian curiosities are the ollas or water ves- 
