STEAM HEATING. 735 
forms in North America north of Mexico, of this family, one third are taken in 
Kansas. This large number necessarily includes many of the most desirable species 
for the cabinet of the collector; among which may be mentioned the Amblychila 
Cylindriformis, Say., of western Kansas, the largest, and until within a few years, 
the rarest of North American tiger beetles. Two other tiger beetles that have 
been taken abundantly in the last two or three years, are C. Circumpicta, Laf., 
southeast Kansas, and C. Belfrangei, Sallei, of central Kansas. These are both 
salt-marsh or fluviatile species. 
The ground-beetles (carabidse,) are found more abundantly over the central 
and eastern divisions of the State, being so far as known, more restricted toward 
the west. This family has been studied more closely than any other in the State, 
and stands at the head in the number of its forms. 
The water beetles, (Dyticidae and Hydrophilidse,) are also more common 
throughout the eastern half of the State. Another numerous family, very abun- 
dant in eastern Kansas and extending westward, is that of the short-winged scav- 
engers, (Staph ylinidas). One of the most extensive families in its diffusion through- 
out the State is the Scarabeidae. The large Copris Carolina, Linn., of this family 
is found in the east; the splendid " Goldsmith Beetle" (Cotalpa Lanigera,) from 
east to west. And the giant of North American beetles — the Hercules — (Dynas- 
tes Tityus,) is taken in the extreme southern part of the State. The other fami- 
lies are of general distribution. The species of the eastern fauna disappearing 
frequently and giving place to the fauna of the plains, are those of the Bu- 
prestidae, Elateridse, Cerambycidse, Chrysomelidse, Tenebrionidae, Meoidas, and 
Curculionidas families. Of these, the last five families contain in the western 
half of the State, many large and interesting species not found in eastern Kansas. 
This makes western Kansas — possessing as it does so many species typical of 
the plains fauna — one of the most desirable collecting grounds in the United 
States. 
As yet the coleopterous fauna of the State has received, except in very re- 
stricted localities, but very superficial study, and the student and collector will 
find a rich field for investigation for years to come. 
MEDICINE AND HYGIENE. 
STEAM-HEATING. 
PROF. W. P. TROWBRIDGE. 
To the architect and sanitary engineer of the present day the terms warming 
and ventilation have certain technical meanings, and when employed together 
refer to systematic arrangements and appliances in the construction of dwellings, 
public buildings, churches, and halls of audience, by which not only may suita- 
