INTESTINAL FLUKES 



229 



in man in the Malay countries. They are distinguished from 

 other flukes by the crown of spines around the mouth sucker. 

 One species, E. ilocanum, about one-fifth of an inch long, was 

 found endemic among some Filipinos in a prison in Manila. 

 The other, E. malayanum, about two-fifths of an inch long, oc- 

 casionally parasitizes man in the Malay countries. 



Gastrodiscoides hominis (Fig. 78) is a species which is character- 

 ized by the expansion of the posterior end of the body into a great 



D 



Fig. 78. Gastrodicoides hominis. A, ventral view, showing disc-like expansion 

 and posterior position of ventral sucker; B and C, dorsal views; D, lateral view; 

 E, eggs. A-D, X 3; E, x 65. (After Lewis and McConnell.) 



jeo.ifi 



concave disc. It is a small reddish brown parasite a little over 



one-fourth of an inch in length, which inhabits the cecum and 



large intestine of hogs, and occasionally of man, in India. A 



closely allied species occurs in horses and 



asses in many parts of Africa. Watsonius 



watso?ii (Fig. 79) is a related species, also 



reddish brown in color, found in the small 



intestine of West African negroes, A 



closely related species, Parani'phistomum cervi, 



is found in the stomach of sheep and cattle 



in Egypt and has a life history almost 



identical with that of the sheep liver fluke. pj^ yg Watsonius 



This or a very similar species occurs in the watsoni. Note promi- 



j. I, r J.X1 • ii TT -J. J ax J. nent genital aperture 



stomach of cattle m the United btates. (gg^ a^p) ^^^^ ^^^^^ 



Several large flukes of the genus Fasciolopsis posterior ventral 



11 • • n 7:1 T 7 • sucker (v. s.). X about 



occur occasionally in man, especially r. ouski 35 (After Shipley, 

 (Fig. 80), found in many East Asian countries, from Stiles and Goid- 

 This species reaches a length of over an inch ^^^*^^- 

 with a width of about half an inch, and has the ventral sucker 

 very close to the mouth. It normally inhabits the small intestine 

 of the hog but occasionally parasitizes man. The larval stages 

 are said to encyst in shrimps, but Leiper had no success in in- 

 fecting hogs with the cysts which he found in shrimps. 



