188 Ohio State Academy of Science 



and a half feet. Only about half a foot of this was due to differ- 

 ence in the stage of water preceding the storms, about three feet 

 to the southwest wind and the remainder to the northeast wind. 

 The maximum wind velocity in the northeaster of June 29, 1902, 

 was only thirty miles. In 1888 the anemometer of the U. S. 

 Weather Bureau office at Sandusky was removed from the West 

 House to the government building which is lower and not so near 

 the bay, causing considerable decrease in the total wind move- 

 ment registered, so a satisfactory comparison of wind velocity 

 in the later and earlier storms cannot be made. In the great 

 storm of April 23, 1882, the water was probably more than a foot 

 and a half higher than on June 29, 1902. This I infer from 

 information furnished by men at the docks. The record of 

 gage readings at Cleveland shows the stage of water to have 

 been about a foot and a half higher at the time of the earlier 

 storm so that the wind effect may have been nearly as great m 

 the later one. 



Only once in several years is the water at Sandusky raised 

 or lowered from its normal level so much as three feet by the 

 wind, while a change of four feet must be very rare. At Cleveland 

 the change of level due to the wind is generally less than a foot, 

 while at each end of the lake in extreme cases it is six or seven 

 feet. 



The fluctuations in level of Lake Erie due to changes in the 

 amount of water received and lost in a single year are never 

 much more than two feet, and in some decades do not exceed 

 two and a half feet. 



LAND LOST IN A SINGLE CENTURY. 



PENINSULA POINT. 



Map I, taken from a U. S. Government Chart shows Penin- 

 sula Point as it was in 1826. The distance between it and Cedar 

 Point was about 3,000 feet but the water off the end of Peninsula 

 Point was so shallow that when lowered by drouth and wind the 

 distance from point to point was much less. H. A. Lyman, the 

 old lighthouse keeper, told me he had seen the water so low that 

 he thought the distance across was only about 300 feet. The 

 Indians used to swim their ponies across and B. F. Dwelle, who 

 lived until 1902, and many others of the early settlers on the 

 Marblehead peninsula crossed in the same way. Cattle raised 

 on the peninsula were driven to market this wav, but not after 

 1830. 



