220 Ohio State Academy of Science 



till some time in the summer but was closed again in the fall and 

 reopened a year or two later. The sand point projecting into 

 the bay at the west line of Huron Township is supposed to have 

 been formed by sand washed through an opening. In the bay 

 near this point the muck extends to a depth of twenty feet. A 

 few centuries ago two small streams united a short distance to 

 the southwest of this point as shown by borings in the marsh. 

 The valley of the united streams passes under the bar at this 

 point. (See Map V.) In the bay near by is sand overlying the 

 muck and probably brought in through the opening. Jacob 

 Lay remembers the opening of 1876 or '78 as being near this 

 place, but others say it was farther northwest. 



Since 1878 I think there has been no opening through the 

 bar except at the mouth of Sawmill Creek near Rye Beach 

 which in time of flood sometimes forms an outlet into the lake 

 which soon becomes choked with sand like the mouths of all the 

 small streams entering the lake and, it is said, even the mouth 

 of the Huron River in the early part of the 19th century. 



The Carrying Ground, as it is generally known in Sandusky, 

 is at the northwest extremity of the bar. The Indians and later 

 the white fishermen used this as a portage, for it is narrow and 

 low and conveniently located for reaching from the lake either 

 Sandusky or the mouth of Pipe Creek. Prior to 1875 whenever 

 the wind was not fair for sailing around Cedar Point, the fish 

 which were often caught in the lake in large quantities were car- 

 ried across here and much labor and trouble saved thereby. At 

 that time the pound boats were smaller than now and not so 

 well adapted to beating around the point. Until about three 

 centuries ago Pipe Creek had its outlet here. 



DUNE SECTION OF CEDAR POINT. 



This part of Cedar Point extends from the Carrying Ground 

 to the head of Biemiller's Cove, a distance of two miles. Its 

 topographic features are to be shown on a revised edition of the 

 Sandusky sheet published by the U. S. Geological survey. 

 Underlying it the clay, deposited when a glacial lake still covered 

 the whole region, has its upper surface but little below the pres- 

 ent water level. Here there has been land ever since the dis- 

 appearance of that ancient lake, known as Lake Warren, caused 

 by the retreat of the glacier. Until less than three centuries 

 ago this land was connected with Sandusk}^ by a strip of land 

 lying north of Pipe Creek as shown by borings. (See Map V.) 

 It is not, like the bar, a mere wave built formation. Its breadth 



