346 OHIO STATE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE 



tions were represented in the state, their order of superposition, 

 their mineral character and contents, their thickness and the geo- 

 graphical areas occupied hy their outcrops."^ 



I have said that the ahove plan is a comprehensive one and I 

 believe it Avill be so conceded when it is once understood that all 

 the details of it as enumerated in the last sentence of the above 

 quotation are as necessary for the guidance of the Geological Sur- 

 vey today as when they were published thirty-five years ago. 

 Furthermore, some idea of the magnitude of the work outlined may 

 be gained when it is stated that prol)ably not more than one-half 

 of it has as yet been accomplished, in spite of the valuable and ex- 

 tensive contributions made by the Newberry Survey and that of 

 his worthy successor, Dr. Orton. Time does not permit of an 

 analysis of the resiilts of these surveys; but suffice it to say that 

 the Annual Reports of 1869 and 1870 and A^olumes I, II and III of 

 the JsTewberry Survey were devoted q^iite largely to stratigraphic 

 geology and that some progress was made in describing the geology 

 of eighty-five of tlie eighty-eight counties of the state. The 

 county reports were in the main accompanied by a geological map 

 on which some of the larger divisions were represented; but in 

 very few instances was this areal work carried to a sufficient degree 

 of refinement for the representation of units or formations. A 

 list of the geological formations as at present recognized in this 

 state has recently been published by the Geological Survey of 

 Ohio. ^ Each survey also published a Geological Map of 

 Ohio. Newberry's is on the larger scale and also shows the dis- 

 tribution of a larger number of geological divisions. Take for 

 example the oldest division represented on this map, which covers 

 the southwestern part of the state and is given as the "Cincinnati 

 Group, Trenton and Hudson.'' This terrain is composed of four 

 distinct formations, viz.: the Trenton limestone (or whatever part 

 of the Mohawkian series the Point Pleasant beds of Ohio may 

 represent), the Eden shale and the Lorraine or Maysville and Eich- 

 mond formiations. These formations have never been differen- 

 tiated and mapped in Ohio, although this has been done in Indiana 

 by its Geological Sun^ey. The next large division, the "Niagara 

 Group," in southwestern Ohio, is composed of the Osgood beds, the 

 West Union, Springfield and Cedarville liraestones and the Hills- 

 boro sandstone. No attempt has been made to map these divisions 

 or even correlate them with the Niagara area of the northern part 

 of the state and such correlation with the more eastern represen- 

 tatives in Ontaio and New York is very indefinite. The two 

 divisions of the "Salina" and "Water Lime" in the northern part 

 of the state which belong to what is now called the Monroe forma- 

 tion were badly confused and in general the su pposed age quite 



1 Geological Survey of Ohio, Report of progress in 1869, pp. 9, 10. 



2 Fourth series, Bui. N"o. 7, Nov., 1905. 



