5d4 MR. J. S. HUXLEY ON THE 
Throughout, curiously enough, there was no sound, nor any 
erection of crests, nor any going into Dundreary-position ; all 
three birds stayed always in the normal swimming attitude. 
Whether the late hour had anything to do with this I cannot say. 
The diving and driving away, however, showed that there was 
some very real jealousy aroused. 
It is worth noting that the second time his mate dived to drive 
the strange hen away, the cock joined her, but not the first time. 
15. April 20. a.m. 
I noticed two birds shaking vigorously. At the close of the 
bout, a third bird—a hen—came slowly up to the shakers from 
where she had been resting some twenty yards away. As she 
came nearer, the cock seemed to look with some hostility at the 
bird with whom he had just been shaking. This bird, as the 
event conclusively proved, was only a stranger, and the hen that 
had been approaching was his rightful mate. The ‘‘right ” hen 
then swam at the “ wrong” one and drove her away (no flying or 
diving); then she turned and swam towards the cock. When 
still three or four feet apart they started shaking, in the excited 
forward shaking-attitude, with ruffs well up. There were about 
twenty shakes; as the bout went on the birds lapsed into the 
ordinary shaking-attitude, The strange hen stayed close by, but 
after the shaking was over, the cock’s rightful mate swam at her, 
and there was “‘ confused diving,” eventually ‘ involving ” all three 
birds, aud ending in the odd bird being driven off. 
The stimulus given to emotional excitement by jealousy is here 
well brought out; but it is curious that the cock’s true mate, 
although so close, did not interfere until his bout of shaking with 
the stranger was over and done with. 
11. MisceLLAngEous Novres. 
1. Fishing. 
The birds may often be seen to pick small objects off the surface 
of the water, often going on for a considerable time. These 
objects seem certainly to be eaten, but what they are I do not 
know. This habit does not appear to have been previously 
noted. 
One bird which I saw fishing by itself for over an hour (a 
very long time for a Grebe to do anything continuously) had a 
curious habit of putting its head right down into the water 
with bill vertical, till the eyes were just covered. It once 
stayed like this for a good quarter of a minute, but usually it 
took its head out after a few seconds, then after a few more 
seconds put it in again, and so on, all the while swimming slowly 
forwards. It was apparently looking for prey. I saw it dive 
while its head was below the surface, but it once dived from the 
normal position—7. e. without any preliminary searching. In 
other Grebes I have never noticed this habit. 
When fishing, they often go along the bank and look for shoals 
