662 MISS M. J. RATHBUN ON CRUSTACEA 
rostral horn, and two other sponges are growing on the gastric 
region. 
The abdominal cavity is filled with young crabs in the adult 
state. The cavity is about 40 mm. wide, 39 mm. Jong, and about 
20 mm. high at the greatest extent ; the abdominal “appendages 
are very slender, so that the bulk of the space is occupied by the 
young, which number 162. These represent two stages, those of 
the first or earlier stage being 13 in number with carapace about 
3°5 mm. long; while those of the next or older stage are 149 in 
number and about 5:°7 mm. long. 
The younger ones although thin-shelled are harder and more 
opaque than the next stage, and correspond to what is known 
along the Atlantic coast of the United States as ‘ paper-shell ” 
evabs ; ; they are covered with minute red pigment spots; the 
carapace is almost smooth and naked, its shape is oblong, not 
subtriangular as in adults; the postocular tooth is well-formed, 
triangular and separated by a shallow sinus from the supraocular 
eave; this latter shows no trace of a spine; as to the tip of the 
rostrum, the inner of the two spines is well-developed and forms 
the true end of the horn ; on its outer side there is a faint prom- 
inence, which is later to become the strong lateral spine of the 
adult; the eyes are large, protruding, the cornea of a light 
br ownish-red colour. 
By the next moult, which takes place within the brood-pouch 
of the mother, the crab increases by more than half its former 
size, and undergoes several notable changes. The carapace is of 
similar form, bat the whole integument is soft and devoid of 
colour spots; it is no longer smooth and naked, but uneven and 
covered with crowded tubercles or granules, with the beginnings 
of the more prominent tubercles of the ‘adult ; the surface is 
more or less hairy, there being clusters of hooked hairs as in the 
adult, and above all, a row on each rostral horn which is con- 
tinued back on the carapace proper; the postocular cup forms a 
tooth which is separated by a triangular sinus from the supra- 
ocular eave, which last is armed witha small spine; rostral horns 
elongate, each armed with two subequal spines. In the adult, 
the postocular cup is separated from the supraocular eave only by 
a closed fissure. This indicates that WV. serpulifera is generically 
removed from the other Vaxioides and should be placed in the 
neighbourhood of Lissa Leach (Zool. Mise. vol. ii. 1815, p. 69). 
Subfamily Schizophrysine. 
SCHIZOPHRYS DAMA (Herbst). 
Cancer dama Herbst, Naturg. Krabben u. Krebse, vol. iil. 
part 4, 1804, p. 5, pl. 59. fig. 5. 
Schizophrys dama Miers, Challenger Rept. vol. xvii. part 49, 
1886, p. 67. Alcock, Jour. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, vol. lxiv. 1895, 
p- 245 and synonymy, but not “ Schizophrys aspera, p. pt.” 
