OF THE CANIDA AND URSIDA. 935 
G. 8. Miller * describes the feet of the Brown Bear of Western 
Europe as follows :—“‘ Balls of the digits [of fore feet] large, 
pad-like ... first digit with anterior edge of ball extending about 
to middle of that of second, the interval greater than in the case 
of the other digit .... main pad wider than long, covering more 
than half the surface of the palm, its outer border about twice as 
long as its inner, its posterior border slightly concave, its inner 
portion at base of thumb [1st digit] marked off from the rest by 
a slight furrow; region between main pad and balls of digits 
densely furred; wrist-pad about as large as ball of digits, near 
outer ulnar margin of palm, its long diameter transverse ; region 
between wrist-pad and main pad densely furred... Hind foot 
longer than fore foot, pad like that of fore foot, but with a broad 
backward extension passing along inner [outer] side nearly or 
quite to heel; region between pad and balls of toes and at outer 
[inner | side of backward extension densely furred.” 
In a newly-born cub of U. arctos (text-fig. 9, C, D, p. 931), the 
area between the digital and plantar pads of both fore and hind 
feet is scantily covered with very short hairs, the posterior or 
heel pad of the hind foot is naked, and there is a well-marked 
depression of wrinkled skin on the inner side of the foot between 
this pad and the plantar pad. In the fore foot the area behind 
the plantar pad is scantily clothed with short hairs, and the conical 
carpal pad is situated near the postero-external portion of this 
area. 
_ So faras I have been able to examine them, the living bears 
of this species in the Gardens, namely examples from the White 
Sea, Caucasus, Himalayas, Behring Sea, and Alaska, have the 
feet as above described by Miller, except that the entire sole of 
the hind foot is generally naked, there being usually no extension 
of the hair behind the plantar pad on the inner side. In some 
Brown Bears, too, there is a narrow strip of scantily-haired skin 
extending from the carpal pad to the plantar pad of the fore foot, 
and sometimes a small naked area marks the position of a radial 
carpal pad. These points may be worth further investigation 
from the systematic point of view. 
In one of two Grizzly Bears (U. horribilis) from Montana, the 
feet seem to resemble those of our Brown Bears; and Mx. Seton’s 
figure of the paws of the Grizzly show the same conformity to 
the Brown Bear type. 
The chief difference between the feet of U. americanus, on the 
one hand, and WY. arctos and horribilis, on the other, is that in 
the former the first digit and the carpal pad seem to be set 
farther back. 
Tremarctos thibetanus ranges from Baluchistan to Kastern Asia, 
and is represented in Japan by 7’. japonicus, which is probably 
* Cat. Mamm. Western Europe, p. 287, 1912. 
+ The sole is continuous along the outer, not along the inner side of the foot. 
The hairy ingrowth interrupting the continuity of the sole oceurs on the inner or 
hallucal side. 
