998 MR. D. M. S. WATSON ON 
Vertebral coiumn.—The anterior vertebre are not known, 
having been in the other side of the block, which was not 
recovered. The whole skeleton lies in position, so that from 
measurements it is possible to obtain the length of the missing 
part; if, as seems most probable, the anterior vertebrae were of 
the same length as those behind them, eight are missing, giving 
a total of twenty-four presacrals. All the presacrals preserved 
are much alike in form and size. The centrum is small, with a 
wide hourglass-shaped notochordal canal running through it; it 
is expanded at the articular ends and somewhat constricted in 
the middle ; the lower surface is rounded but slightly flattened. 
The arches are very wide and the neural canal enormous, much 
wider than it is high. The last presacral gives satisfactory 
evidence that the zygapophysial articulating surfaces were flat 
and placed horizontally; the anterior zygapophyses only project 
very slightly, if at all, in front of the centrum. The transverse 
process best seen in the 12th and 13th presacrals is short, and 
extends from a point on the arch near or on the neurocentral 
suture up to the process which supports the prezygapophysis, but 
the articular facet for the rib begins some distance behind its 
anterior end. There are intercentra throughout the column 
except between the sacrals. There are two sacrals of the same 
length as the presacrals; their centra are, however, more robust, 
and have a very pronounced carination of the lower surface. 
The sacral ribs are largely attached to the centra. 
The first five caudal vertebrae, which alone are preserved, are of 
the same length as the sacrals, but the centra are constricted and 
rapidly lose the carination of the sacrals: there are apparently 
intercentra between the first and second and all succeeding caudals, 
but at what point these take the character of hemal arches is 
not shown, although that between the 4th and 5th is a chevron 
bone. ; 
Ribs.—The presacral ribs are all single-headed, holospondylous ; 
their articular end is somewhat swollen but is not very broad, as 
it is in Dicynodon for example. The ribs are long, considerably 
curved, quite slender, and ribbed in front. 
The anterior sacral rib is short and strong; it has a large flat 
surface for the ilium, and arises from the conjoint centrum and 
neural arch rather far forward. The posterior rib is longer, but 
perhaps not so strong as the anterior; it has a very large 
articulation with the ilium, and its distal end is in contact with 
that of the first sacral rib. 
The caudal ribs of the first four vertebre are long simple 
processes fused on to the body of the vertebre. 
There are faint traces of abdominal ribs. 
Pectoral Girdle.—The pectoral girdle is in position, and so far as 
it is shown very well preserved. ; 
The interclavicle is a large bone with a rhomboidal head produced 
at the lateral angles into short processes, and with a very long 
narrow stem. The head has its front edges bevelled off and 
