A NEW FOSSIL REPTILE. 1007 
The skeleton of Sphenodon is so thoroughly lizard-like that 
Broomia resembles it nearly as much as it does a lizard, but 
there is pretty clear evidence that there was not a lower temporal 
areade like that of Sphenodon. 
The only other group with which it seems necessary to compare 
Lroomia is the Mesosauria. The skull is unknown in this type. 
The vertebre differ in their much more massive arches, and mm 
the mode of articulation of the ribs. The pectoral girdles of the 
two types are generally similar, but the interclavicle of Jeso- 
saurus is T-shaped. The carpus differs by the absence of 
centralia in Mesosaurus. The pelvis differs in the shape of the 
ihum. The tarsus differs in the complete loss of centralia in 
Mesosaurus. It thus seems certain that the two types have little 
to do one with the other. 
Only two, Heliosaurus and Heliophilus, of the little-known types 
from South Africa agree at all with Broomia. 
Lreomia resembles them in the following features :-— 
1. The sharply pointed but relatively short skull. 
2. The shape of the pterygoid in Heliosaurus. 
3. The position of the quadrate in advance of the basi- 
occipital condyle in Heliosaurus. 
4. The presence of a distinct neck. 
5. The presence of intercentra throughout the vertebral 
column. 
. The heavy neural arches. 
The single-headed ribs. 
The similar number of presacral vertebra. 
. The shoulder-girdle of Heliosauwrus much resembles that 
of Broomia. 
10. The slender limbs. 
These resemblances, although thev are to some extent due to 
the retention of primitive features, do seem to show that there is 
some real connection between the three animals. In /eliosawrus, 
however, as Broom has shown, there is some evidence of the 
presence of a quadratojugal arcade, which is apparently lacking 
in Broomia. When I examined the type-specimen of Heliosawrus 
some time ago I was not specially interested in it, but even at 
that time thought it conceivable that the apparent lower arcade 
might be the upper edge of the lower jaw. Heliosawrus is of 
interest because of the presence over its dorsal region of small 
bony scutes identical with the osteoderms of lizards. 
Of the European forms, Aphelosaurus and Kadaliosaurus from 
the Lower Permian, and Proterosaurus and the animal known as 
Proterosaurus huxleyi from the Upper Permian, present some 
resemblance to Broomia in that they are slender lizard-like 
reptiles. Kadaliosawrus from the Rothliegende of Dresden is 
regarded by Prof. Williston, who has examined its remains, as 
being extremely similar to Arwoscelis : in fact, he stated that there 
