PINE AND BEECH MARTENS. 1063 
which my conclusions are based are two examples of I. martes 
and one of MJ. foina, sent from France to the Gardens for 
Mr. Thompson Seton. They were not quite adult, but practically 
of the same size. They died upon the same day in September, 
after being kept under precisely similar conditions, and were 
preserved in alcohol for the investigation of external characters. 
Ears.—All the Pine and Beech Martens that have been ex- 
hibited within my recollection in the Gardens could be distin- 
guished at once, when seen side by side, by the difference in the 
Text-figure 1. 
Pine Marten (Martes martes). 
size of the ears (text-figs. 1 & 2). In the Pine Marten these 
organs are relatively longer and wider and appear in consequence 
to be more pricked, so that the animal looks more alert than the 
Beech Marten. Moreover, the narrower ears in the latter niake 
the intervening space on the crown wider, and the whole head has 
a broader look than in the Pine Marten. The actual differences 
in dimensions in the ears are shown in the subjoined table of 
measurements (p. 1068). In details of structure the ears are 
much alike, as might perhaps be expected. In both species there 
