1905. J OF AX IXDIAX RHIXOGERUS. 57 



pyloric diJatation (Owen, I. c. pi. xi. figs. 1 & 2), shows a layer of 

 pyloric glands 2 mm. thick. The gland-tubules have about twice 

 the diameter of those of the peptic glands, but are far shorter and 

 more branched. They are sepai-ated into groups of various size by 

 septa running up from the submucosa. 



Duodenum. — A poi-tion, taken about 1 ft. 6 in. from the 

 stomach, showing the papilliform valvulae conniventes (Owen, I. c. 

 pi. xii. figs. 1 & 2). Microscopic sections show that the papilliform 

 processes are covered with villi. The interior of each process 

 contained a number of follicles belonging to Brunner's glands. 

 The ducts from these open upon the surface of the process 

 between the villi. Brunner's glands were only observed within 

 the papilliform pi'ocesses, and not in the general submucosa of the 

 intestinal Avail. With h?ematoxylin they stained a vivid blue, in 

 marked contrast to the pinkish purple of the surrounding tissues. 



Gervais, who describes the histology of the small intestine 

 of the Bhinoceros *, makes no mention of Brunner's glands ; 

 probably his sections were taken from a point fui'thei- down the 

 intestine below the level of these glands. He, however, speaks of 

 Crypts of Liebei-kiihn lying between the papilliform processes. 

 These were not seen in the present sections. 



Iletmi. — Owen, I. c. pi. xii. fig. 3. 



Ccecmn. — Tiiis organ is lined by a voluminous mucous 

 membrane, separated from the muscular wall by an extremely 

 loose submucosa, and thus easily thrown into ti-ansient folds. 

 The mucous membrane consists, as usual in this part of the gut, 

 of an even and^ close -set series of Crypts of Lieberkuhn. They 

 are "25 mm. long, only about half as long as in the cpecum of the 

 Horse. 



The Larynx. — (Owen, I. c. pi. x. figs. 1 & 2, pi. xv. figs. 1 & 2.) 

 The epiglottis is inti-anai-ial. The outer walls of the ventricles 

 and lateral pouches are covered by gland-tissue. The two folds of 

 mucous membrane that run upwards, outwards, and backwards 

 from the anteiior attachment of the vocal cords and form the 

 a-nterior lips of the ventricles (Owen, p. 48) are strongly developed ; 

 they are even more marked in the Sumatran Rhinoceros, but are 

 absent in the Tapir and Horse. Above the anteiior point of 

 luiion of the vocal coi'ds is a vei'tical indentation of the mucous 

 membrane of the epiglottis. In this position in the Horse and 

 Ass there is a definite median saccus. 



The Pao-aihyroid Body. — The external appearance and position 

 of this body are accurately given by Owen {I. c. p. 48). In 

 histological structure it conforms to Welsh's type 4t, consisting of 

 small cells clustered so as to form globular alveoli. In some pai'ts 

 the masses of cells apparently do not surround a lumen, and in 

 these places there is more resemblance to Welsh's type 3. The 



* Gervais, " Structure cle Fintestinc grelc clicz le Rliinoceros," Jouru. de Zool. t. iv. 

 (1875) p. 465. 



t Welsh, "Concerning the raralhvroid Glands," J oura. Anat. & Pliysiul. vol. xxxii. 

 (1808) p. 392. 



