362 PflOF. T. S. COBBOLD OK THE 



in respect of my little hsematuric patient from Natal that he was 

 fully satisfied as to the genuineness of his ' find ' and as to the 

 identity of the parasitic forms in question. 



In the year 1875 Dr. O'Neill found similar or, to use Dr. 

 Silva Lima's words, " the same microscopic FilaricB proceeding 

 from the skin affected with a disease peculiar to negroes, and 

 which they called 'craw-craw.'" About the same time Dr. 

 Araujo also encountered this Filaria in a negro at Bahia suffer- 

 ing from the same disease. Dr. Araujo named the worm Filariose 

 dermatliemica (Eef. No. 11). It is worthy of remark, in passing, 

 that in the ' craw-craw ' cases the persons affected were not 

 chyluric. Further in this connexion, and in support of the 

 parasitic theory of haematochyluria. Dr. Silva Lima refers to 

 the writings of Dr. Almeida Couto (Eef. No. 12), and also, 

 especially, to an inaugural thesis by Dr, Yictorino Pereii^a. This 

 distinguished young physician divided the hsematuric discoveries 

 into four epochs, which he severally termed (1) the unknown, 

 (2) the Egyptian, (3) the Brazilian, and (4) the Indian period. To 

 these, however, as Dr. Silva Lima and myself have pointed out, 

 must now be added (5) the Australian, and (6) the Chinese 

 epochs of discovery (Eef. No. 13). 



The part which I took in connexion with the Australian ' finds' 

 requires explanation. In 1876 Dr. Bancroft announced his dis- 

 covery of microscopic Hsematozoa. He sent son^e of the human 

 blood in capillary tubes to Dr. Eoberts, of Manchester, who for- 

 warded part of them to myself, and we verified the facts. In the 

 contents of one of the tubes I happened to notice a single, empty, 

 and uninjured egg-covering ; and as this corresponded in size 

 and shape with some of those I had obtained from my Natal 

 patient (1870), I drew Dr. Bancroft's attention to the circum- 

 stance (Eef. No. 14). This induced Bancroft to search for the 

 parent entozoon in the human body. His search proved suc- 

 cessful, as he obtained the adult Filaria from a lymphatic abscess 

 of the arm on the 21st of December, 1876. On the 20th of the 

 following April, 1877, he communicated to me the particulars of 

 his investigation, and I announced his discovery in the following 

 July (Eef. No. 15). This announcement appears to have stimu- 

 lated Lewis to stin further efforts, who, it appears, for " the last 

 five years had availed himself of every opportunity that presented 

 itself" for a search after the parent worm. At length Lewis 

 was rewarded, and on the 7th of August, 1877, he found two 



