AND ECnilSrOTDEA OF THE KOREAN SEAS. 433 



bulacral plates, with more or less regularity according to the 

 individual, sometimes the odd spines being few and far between. 

 These are succeeded by the ventro-lateral spines in oblique rows 

 of two (or three in the middle portion of the arm), and are stout, 

 moderately long, and slightly tapering towards the tip ; then fol- 

 lows the broad side-area, bounded by the lateral spines, which are 

 similar in size and character to the last mentioned, and, standing 

 one to a plate, are well spaced and form a straight marginal 

 series. These spines are surrounded at the base by a thin circlet 

 of small pedicellaridB forci^iformes * ; and the ventro-lateral series 

 have also a few on their upperside. The spines of the dorsal 

 surface are small, tapering towards the tip, and pointed ; they are 

 widely spaced and have a few pedicellaricd forcipiformes at their 

 base, but no wreath (and in some cases only two or three even), 

 whilst the interspace between the spines is very thickly strewn 

 with numerous large pedicellaricB forficiformes. 



The large size and great number of these latter pedicellarise, as 

 well as the isolated character of the marginal spines, without even 

 a trace of any undeveloped comj)anion such as is frequently to be 

 found in young A. rubens of typical form at the same age, the 

 general absence of all embryonic secondary spines on the inter- 

 calary pieces, either of the dorsal surface or the sides, and, in 



* In 1866, Dr. W. B. Herapatli published a memoir " On the Pedicellarite of 

 the Echinodermata " (Quart. Journ. Microscop. Science, vol. v. pp. 175-184), in 

 which he described the structure of these organs as presented in the Asteriadae, 

 at the same time assigning very characteristic technical designations to the dif- 

 ferent forms. This paper, unfortunately, seems to have been overlooked by 

 subsequent vrriters, and also by M. Perrier, who in 1869 brought out his care- 

 ful and very excellent ' Eecherches sur les Pedicellaires et les Ambulacres des 

 Asteries et des Oursins.' 



Apart, however, from Dr. Herapath's obvious claim to priority, certain of 

 the names employed by the French savant can only be regarded as colloquial 

 terms which would require to be replaced by a more strictly scientific nomen- 

 clature before they could become the general property of the naturalists of 

 other countries. It is therefore with particular pleasure that attention is called 

 to the above mentioned earlier paper, as it supplied the want in the direction 

 indicated. 



According to Dr. Herapath's terminology, the pedicellaricB forcipiformes, or 

 " scissor-shaped," are equivalent to the "pedicellaires croises" of M. Perrier; 

 and the pedicellaricB forficiformes, or " shears-shaped," to the " pedicellaires 

 droits " of the French author. The terms being synonymous with the " major " 

 and " minor," the " large " and the " small," as applied to pediceUarife by 

 some American and English naturalists. 



LINN. JOUEN. — ZOOLOGy, YOL. XIV. 32 



