194 JOURNAL or CONCHOI.OGY, VOL. 12, NO. 8, OCTOBER, I908. 



Although one may consider the Grange district, as a whole, 

 fairly rich in moUuscan life, as far as the number of species is 

 concerned (seventy in all up to the present), yet there are several 

 very striking anomalies to which attention may be directed. 



In the first place, the slugs are not at all well represented. Up 

 to the present, nine species only have been recorded out of the 

 seventeen on the Conchological Society's list — two of these, viz., 

 Liinax inaxinius (two varieties), and Agriolimax agrestis (two 

 varieties), being found by myself. Around Cartmel the latter species 

 was abundant, chiefly var. pallida. More systematic search in 

 suitable weather, would, I am convinced, greatly extend the list. 



From its mild and open climate in winter, Grange presents very 

 favourable opportunities to ardent collectors of slugs of thoroughly 

 working the locality and making a more comprehensive list. 



Another very noticeable feature was the scarcity of the larger 

 Helices — aspersa, nemoralis, hortensis, and arbustorutn. Of these 

 perhaps aspersavia.% the commonest shell, but it was not by any means 

 abundant. Although widely distributed over the district, its repre- 

 sentatives in any place were usually single specimens, eight being 

 the largest number seen in one place at once, and no doubt this 

 number constituted the entire colony. 



H. hortensis is also a decidedly uncommon species. Usually 

 only single shells rewarded one's search, but at the south end of 

 Holme Island a small colony was discovered with the var. arenicola 

 predominating. I say a " colony," although a whole afternoon's 

 diligent search produced but nine poor specimens. 



H. nemoralis is certainly somewhat more abundant than the last, 

 but with the exception of the two colonies — one at the Hospice, 

 and the other at Kirkhead— it seems poorly represented. This 

 being what I may term a " skulking " snail, and more nocturnal in 

 its habits than If. hortensis, it is quite possible that careful and 

 systematic search at twilight (with a lamp) may result in its being 

 discovered more plentifully and more extensively than at present, 

 although I am of opinion that it is a very local species. 



Of H. arbustorum it may quite safely be said that it is the 

 rarest of the larger Helices. Nearly a whole day, spent in torrential 

 rain, with a humid atmosphere, beloved of snails, resulted in less 

 than half-a-dozen shells being taken. Eggerslack Wood with its 

 immediate vicinity seems to comprise its chief habitat (with one ex- 

 ception — Lindale) in the Grange area. 



On the other hand, four species, Hygromia rufescens, Pyraviidiila 

 rupestris, Jaminia cylindracea, and Clausilia bidentata, seemed to be 

 exceedingly abundant ; scarcely any place examined failed to reveal 

 one or other of the four, in some cases all being found together 



