197 
by a row of elongated cells: perichaetium 2 mm. long; leaves 
few, sheathing at base, the inner oblong-ovate, rather ab- 
ruptly narrowed to a long acumination, sharply dentate above ; 
costa wanting or short and slender. Sporophyte 15 mm. high; 
seta light brown, sometimes reddish, very rough, slightly or not 
at all twisted; capsule brown, short-oblong, arcuate, horizontal, 
contracted under the mouth when dry, 2-2.5 mm. long, 2-3:1 ; 
operculum conic ; annulus large, easily detachable ; segments lan- 
ceolate, as long as the teeth, attached to a basal membrane of 
median width,' more or less split along the keel; cilia 2 or 3, no- 
dose or subappendiculate ; spores yellow-brown, minutely rough- 
ened, 10-13, maturing in autumn or winter. 
Type locality European. 
On earth or stones and trunks of trees at the base, in shady 
places. Northern United States and Canada, south to New Jersey ; 
Calif. (Howe). 
ILLusTRATIONS.—Dill. Hist. Musc. A. 22, f. 67; Br. & Sch. 
1. c.; Mitt. l. c. ; Wil: Bryol. Brit. /7. 26 ; Husnot, Musc. Gall. 
Pl. 95. 
ExsiccATI.—Sull. & Lesq. Musc. Bor. Am. (Ed. 2) 500; Aus- 
tin Musc. Appal. 324; Macoun, Can. Musc. 379. 
Varying a great deal in robustness, roughness and length of 
seta and color of capsule, capsule often yellow-green. ‘A ve 
variable species, plants slender or robust; stems more or less 
divided, and the branchlets varying in length; leaves close or 
more distant, bright green or yellow, opaque or glossy ; capsule 
subglobose or oblong, on a short or long pedicel.”  Lesq. & James, 
Mosses of N. A., p. 340. P. pseudo-erythrorrhizon Kindb. is in- 
serted as a synonym on the authority of M. Cardot (lide Hed- 
wigia 35: 308, 1896) as no specimens have been accessible. 
26. BRAcHYTHECIUM LEIBERGII n. Sp. 
Gametophyte in wide densely intricate green mats ; stems decum- ~ 
bent or ascending, 3-5 cm. long, pinnately branching ; branches 
5—10 mm. long ; branch leaves falcate-secund, decurrent, 1.2 X 0.4 
mm., lanceolate, bisulcate or often plicate, gradually very slenderly 
acuminate, serrate, costate to beyond the middle; median cells 
fusiform, 8-10: 1; basal shorter and broader; quadrate alar cells 
numerous; stem leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate, more strongly 
