elxxxiv Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. [N.S., XIII, 



the lung whose homology with the air bladder of fishes is corroborated on 

 the chemical side. 



On the habits of the Hilsa {Clup&i ilisha) and their artificial 

 propagation in the Coleroon.— By B. Sundara Raj. 



1. The Hilsa.— Otherwise called the Indian Shad, is a valuable food- 

 iish in India. 



2. Distribution of the Hilsa.— Extensive. In peninsular India it is 

 known to occur only on the east coast. The apparent success of the 

 Madras Fishery Department to introduce the fish into the Ponani river 

 (Malabar) in 1909. 



3 Size.— Adult males attain a length of 30 to 35 cm. and are smaller 

 than adult females which reach a length of 35 to 40 cm. 



4. Habits.— A knowledge of the habits essential for pisciculture— A 

 summary of all that is known of the habits of the Hilsa and my own ob- 

 servations at the Lower Anicut (Coleroon). 



5. Effect of weirs on the Hilsa fishery.— Dr. Day's condemnation of 

 weirs and his prediction (1869) of the extermination of the 1 1 ilsa. Sir F. 

 -Nicholson s reply (1909). The conclusion that Hilsa since the loss of their 

 upstream spawning grounds have probably found suitable places for 

 breeding in streams unfettered by weirs. 



6. Histryof the Hilsa Hatchery in the Coleroon.— Bay's proposal ( 1 868) 

 to construct feh passes abandoned as impracticable. Mr. Wilson's sug- 

 gestion (1908) that pisciculture is the only satisfactory and final solution 



fira* ~f •♦ i a - P S ° ble T m \. The construction of the Coleroon Hatchery the 

 °f Js kind in India ( 1 909) and a description of the Hatchery. * 



ar , ono -d 1 d ;~ Mr ; Wils ° n succeeded in hatching Hilsa eggs in 1908 



ml, J"?? 1 ," 8 ° f the prOCess as determined by a series of experi- 

 ments conducted by me at the Hatchery last August, when about 10 

 million fry were successfully hatched out 



h*t,h? O n-? Si0n -~7 h6 , P ™ Cticahilit y of artificially impregnating and 

 thltv 8 ? f & ' a 6 u ggS haS been estab »ished beyond doubt. The rearing of 

 tne delicate fry has not yet been attempted and remains yet to be done. 



Notes on some South Indian Cec idomyiids causing galls i ti 



grasses.— By Y. Ramachandra Rao 



Anaikombu," 



"TK Pa ? y i S8 » bje( £ t0 a disease know n variously as " 



thlformat on o a',^ "*"* u Silversh -ts ". It manifests .tself by 



i ; :zToh:L a ^L\f: t w shoot instead ° f the n ° rmai ear - head ' and 



theia!Sl^H^ fc it agallca,,aedb y a Gall-fly: I 'achudiplosis oryzae : 

 ing thfs of thl l° n , h6 ? anf ' and the °»ggote that hatch seek thegrow- 

 mLeots n ult and °T? the f °™ation of the tube-like gall. The 



UellarrKurnnnI fTn f Coimb ^ore and in several places in the 

 at n n d y ; e ^he wHd h i 1°^^' Di8tricfcs were examined in the attempt 

 in tte fX^ e n : U liL t Plant 0t the P ^dy gall-fly. Galls were noticed 



in th e following grasses : 



2 Plnicum tUT/ J ,, The Same ^ atta ^ks both the grasses : 

 j. lamcum punctatum, \ life-history fully studied 



y 7tnZ/ aCtyl ° n ■ A " ollect -e y g all S ? 8 formed: life-history 



y Ischoemum ciliare : Coimbatore : Fly reared 



cX;;hrt^;S.° daVa " : «" reared and probably iden-i 



cal with the paddy fly. 



7 F AXoZoT hiC T Um ; (wild ™™*y> ' F*y not reared. 

 /. anaropogon annulatus : Fly reared. 



