48 MR. A. W. WATERS ON 
collecting may be done in out of the way regions by men who 
are not trained zoologists. 
No. 4. Off Cape Mary Harmsworth, 53-93 fathoms, and 234 
fathoms. This is the most northerly locality whence Bryozoa 
have been described. 
In this paper special consideration has been given to the 
question of geographical distribution; and we find that most 
of the species are widely, in fact generally, distributed in the 
Arctic regions, forming a very distinct Arctic fauna, with a large 
proportion only found in the northern seas. 
Out of the 59 species of Chilostomata, Hippothoa hyalina is 
cosmopolitan, being found in the Southern hemisphere. Porella 
concinna may have been found in the Southern hemisphere, but 
of this I have some doubt. Then we have the Kscharoides 
Sarsii, Sm., and Cribrilina punctata, Hass., said to have been 
dredged in the Antarctic by the ‘Erebus’ and ‘ Terror’; and 
to these I have alluded at some length, and expressed my 
opinion as to the probability of a mistake in labelling having 
been made. 
There are only 20 species common to the British coasts, 
including some from the Shetland Islands ; and the strikingly 
small number of 5 also known from the Mediterranean. 
When the Cyclostomataand Ctenostomata have been described, 
the total number will be over 70; but this must not be looked 
upon as a complete list of Bryozoa from Franz-Josef Land, 
and I am convinced that many more encrusting species will 
be found upon dead shells. 
In this paper reference is made to work previously done in the 
Arctic seas, and some species not found by this Expedition are 
given. 
A point which is now attracting attention is, what species occur 
in the colder regions of the two hemispheres, and before long 
the expeditions being sent to the Antarctic will help to settle 
some uncertain points. Si John Murray, in his* “ Marine 
Fauna of the Kerguelen Region of the Great Southern Ocean,” 
gives a list of 16 species of Bryozoa from the Northern and 
Southern Hemispheres, unrecorded within the tropics; but on a 
critical examination this list, compiled from Busk’s ‘ Challenger ’ 
Report, is much reduced. 
* Trans. Roy. Soc. Hdin. vol. xxxyiii. p. 454. 
