94. MR. A. W. WATERS ON 
1894-5, No. 2, p. 33; Stuxberg “ Faunan p& och kring Novaja Semlja,” 
Vega-Exp. vol. v. 1887, p. 179; Bidenkap, Zool. Jahrb. vol. x. p. 629. 
Cellepora cervicornis, Busk, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, vol. xviii. p. 32, 
pl. i. fig. 1; id. Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. vol. xv. p. 238; Lorenz, Bry. von 
Jan Mayen, p. 95, pl. vii. fig. 12. 
Celleporaria surcularis, Packard, “ List of Labrador Marine Animals,” 
Canadian Naturalist, vol. viii. p. 410. 
In both the Mediterranean and Arctic region there is a common 
species of solid cylindrical Cellepora composed of several layers, 
branching dichotomously, the ends of which are frequently 
tapering. By the naked eye, species from these two localities 
cannot be distinguished, and in consequence there has been much 
confusion, but they are by no means identical and the differences 
must be recorded. The Cellepora incrassata, Lamk., is stated by 
Lamarck to be a Mediterranean species, and this is probably what 
I have considered to be the C. coronopus, S. Woods; and as the 
minute characters enabling it to be distinguished were first given 
by Woods and Busk, I consider that this name should stand for 
the recent Mediterranean form, as Lamarck’s description was 
quite insufficient. Busk, with a meagre description, named the 
Arctic form Cellepora cervicornis, and in his paper in the Journal 
of this Society, 1881, considers that it is not the same as the 
Mediterranean C. incrassafa, as figured by Marsigli. Un- 
fortunately there has been so much confusion between various 
forms that have been called Cellepora cervicornis and Eschara 
cervicornis, that it would only add to it to retain the name, as 
Busk himself indicated. The Arctic species has been considered 
to be the Celleporaria of Packard, and this probably is the case, 
though he says two or three lines in thickness, and does not give 
the characters which we now look for. In C. coronopus, W., 
from the Mediterranean there are large vicarious avicularia with 
spatulate mandibles and other avicularia with triangular mandibles 
of varying sizes*. In C. cncrassata there are very large vicarious 
spatulate avicularia, and also very large vicarious semicircular 
avicularia, besides the small oral avicularia with semicircular 
mandibles. In C. inerassata there is a small avicularium at each 
side of the oral aperture, whereas in C. coronopus there is a small 
avicularium to oue side of the sinus. 
The ovicells of C. éncrassata are imperforate with an area in 
* Waters, “On the Use of the Avicularian Mandibles in the determination of 
Chilostomatous Bryozoa,” Journ. R. Mier. Soe. ser. 2, vol. v. pl. xiv. figs, 29, 30 
ees 
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