ENTOZOIC COPEPOD FROM JAPAN. 217 
are not permanent. To obviate this difficulty borax-carmine, or 
Ehriich’s hematoxylin, can be utilized instead. 
In addition to the adults of both sexes, I succeeded in de- 
tecting earlier stages in which certain of the appendages exhibit 
striking modifications; other appendages, however, are alike in 
both sexes and in all stages. Those that are constant are :— 
1., the first antenna ; 
i., the second antenna ; 
ii., the mandibles ; 
iv., the maxille ; 
V., Vi., Vil., vill., the first four thoracic legs—the fifth seems 
to be much bigger in the adult female than in the 
adult male, though similar in other respects. 
First Antenna.—Alike in all stages and both sexes; it is 
composed of five segments, bearing numerous sete ; the first is 
the longest and largest segment, the remaining four gradually 
diminishing and tapering to the end (PI. 22. fig. 5). 
In all published accounts of the family this appendage is 
described as having seven segments, in fact Canu gives that as 
one of the family features; however, he figures the first and 
second Copepod stages of Hersiliodes and Gardella as having 
but five joints. 
Second Antenna.—Alike in all stages and both sexes. It 
consists of four segments, the first being the largest, the other 
three being bent back on this basal joint, forming a conspicuous 
and characteristic elbow ; this elbow of each antenna approaches 
the other in the middle line above the upper lip (PI. 22. figs. 6, 
7), and is seen very clearly on the ventral surface; it is charac- 
teristic of the three genera described by Canu. On the inner 
edge of the distal end of the first sezment there are two small 
spines and one long feathered seta (figs. 6, 7); the second joimt 
is small and, so far as I can make out, carries no process at all > 
the third has on its outer surface two sete, one being feathered 
and much longer than the other. All the complex hooking 
apparatus is confined to the fourth and smallest factor of the 
appendage. This apparatus is built up of five prehensile claws 
or processes: the first, and smallest, is a short stout organ with 
its inner face toothed near the extremity (figs. 6,7); the next 
process is similar to this, only slightly longer; the third differs 
only in the fact that it is more slender; the fcurth has a long, 
slightly curved, smooth portion which abruptly passes over into a 
