256 MR. A. T. WATSON ON THE STRUCTURE 
apparently is an accurate description of a young Ammochares. 
It will doubtless be admitted that these facts completely refute 
the suggestion of Hacker (31. p. 15), based mainly upon the 
form of the bristles, that Itraria should be regarded as related 
to the Hermellide. 
Further study of the early stages of development will certainly 
yield an amplereward. The imperfections of the present account 
are largely due to the fact that I was striving to rear the larval 
forms, and consequently hesitated to kill any of the specimens. 
My observations were made in the summer of 1898, and, un- 
fortunately, the efforts which I made in the two following years 
proved abortive. . 
The Ammocharide have a very extended range, viz., the Arctic 
Ocean (Spitsbergen), North Sea, Mediterranean, Adriatic, Davis 
Straits, the Antilles, Brazilian seas, Japanese seas, and the 
Philippines. 
De Saint-Joseph (29. p. 404) has called attention to their 
connection with the Maldanide on the one hand, and the Ser- 
pulide on the other; whilst Gilson has emphasized many of the 
interesting points in their structure, and argues (30. p. 90) that, 
the absence of muscular rings from the greater part of the oll 
and the existence of the two longitudinal mesenteries are charac- 
teristics of inferiority, and recall the Archiannelids, a contention 
which, adopting Meyer’s view of “ Annelid Descent” (18 6. 
p- 1147), appears to be supported by the discovery of the anal 
outlets for the genital products, and also by the exceptional 
larval forms. 
List oF WoRKS CITED, 
arranged in order of appearance. 
1. Dette Cutase, S8.—Descrizione e Notomia degli Animali 
invertebrati della Sicilia Citeriore, Tav. 175, tom. i. p. 35 
(1841). 
2. Grupe, E.—Beschreibung neuer oder weniger bekannter 
Anneliden. Arch. f. Naturgeschichte, 12. Jahrg., 1846. 
3. Konirker, A. von.—Kiirzer Bericht iiber emige im Herbst 
1864, an der Westkiiste von Schottland angestellte, verg.- 
anat. Untersuchungen. Wurzb. Naturw. Zeits. Bd. v., 1864. 
