394 MR. F. CHAPMAN ON THE 
Besides the foregoing adherent foraminifera, the ordinary 
species of smaller dimensions which live freely on the reef play 
an important part by the enormous quantities of their tests which 
speedily become encrusted and consolidated by the growth of 
organisms. A cavernous rock is thus formed, the interstices of 
which do not become filled until a much later date in the history 
of the reef-formation. 
Such noteworthy species are Amphistegina Lessonit, Tinoporus 
baculatus, Heterostegina depressa, Calcarina hispida (which, 
however, is one of the first organisms to disappear by solution), 
Orbitolites complanata and O. marginalis, and Cyeloclypeus 
Carpenter. 
As regards the last named species, C. Carpenteri, it is interesting 
to note its occurrence at four localities round Funafuti, namely, 
Pava, Funamanu, Tutanga, and Fuafatu. It has a range in depth 
of 30-200 fathoms. At 50-60 fathoms both the megalospheric 
and the microspheric forms occur, form A greatly preponderating. 
At 80 fathoms form B (the microspheric or large discoid form) 
was most frequently dredged up alive by Prof. David. 
Notes on Foraminifera from the Reef-fragments, 
Funafuti. 
CARPENTERIA BALANIFORMIS, Gray. 
Carpenteria balaniformis, Gray, 1858, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. vol. xxvi. 
p. 269, figs. 1-4. 
C. balaniformis, Chapman, 1900, Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. vol. xxviii. 
p. 18, pl. 4. figs. 1, 2. 
Other deep-sea corals with numerous attached specimens of 
C. balaniformis have been sent on in further collections since 
the first paper on Funafuti Foraminifera was written. One of 
the corals came from 240 fathoms off Pava I., and is the deepest 
sample obtained from the reef. This specimen bears no less than 
31 individuals of the above species distributed over the surface. 
A curious example of fusion between two shells also occurs, which 
points to the ability which this genus may possess of forming 
colonies and large masses of almost indefinite size, providing the 
growing test is not broken up by predatory fishes or by mechanical 
means. 
